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chore: Halkyon Learn moves into apps/learn

Browse source 
Its server, client, app and curator, and the tools that write its
assets (maps, Anki fixtures, icons), as they are; paths are fixed in
the commits that follow.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Tizian 「ティツィアーン」 <raisondetredev@pm.me>
This commit is contained in:
Tizian 「ティツィアーン」 2026-10-19 20:08:06 +02:00
commit 649499be23
Signed by: raisondetredev
GPG key ID: 07F6FCF405488B64
83 changed files with 0 additions and 0 deletions
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# The dictionaries' image: the curator, keeping a server's dictionary files current
# from EDRDG's files of the day (`curate update`, the README). Built from the
# repository root (the build context), where the workspace's root pubspec and lockfile
# live:
#
# docker build -f halkyon_learn_curator/Dockerfile .
#
# A container of its own beside the server (deploy/compose.yaml, decided 2026-10-09):
# the curator (AGPL) never enters the server's image or process, and a conversion
# that fails can't touch the server. They share only the folder of files.
# ── Build stage: compile the curator to a native executable ───────────────────────
FROM dart:3.13.4 AS build
WORKDIR /app
COPY pubspec.yaml pubspec.lock ./
COPY halkyon_learn_curator halkyon_learn_curator
# The workspace root with only the curator package, as the server's Dockerfile does it
# with the server's. The check fails the build loudly if the member list changes shape.
RUN sed -i -e '/^ - halkyon_learn_client$/d' -e '/^ - halkyon_learn_flutter$/d' \
-e '/^ - halkyon_learn_server$/d' pubspec.yaml \
&& grep -q '^ - halkyon_learn_curator$' pubspec.yaml \
&& ! grep -q -e 'halkyon_learn_client' -e 'halkyon_learn_flutter' \
-e 'halkyon_learn_server' pubspec.yaml
RUN dart pub get
WORKDIR /app/halkyon_learn_curator
RUN dart build cli --target bin/curate.dart --output build
# ── Runtime stage ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# Ubuntu 24.04 as the server's, with CA certificates for EDRDG's HTTPS, and MeCab's
# IPADIC, which the package compiles as it is installed: the curator packs it for the
# app's devices (ADR 0012). Its sources go once it is compiled.
FROM ubuntu:24.04
RUN apt-get update \
&& DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
ca-certificates mecab-ipadic-utf8 \
&& test -s /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8/sys.dic \
&& rm -rf /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic /var/lib/apt/lists/*
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /app/halkyon_learn_curator/build/bundle/ ./
COPY --from=build /app/halkyon_learn_curator/data/ data/
# An unprivileged user of its own: user ID 10001, shared with neither the containers
# of PostgreSQL and the server (999) nor the CI runner on the host (61000). The folder
# it writes into belongs to it, which a new volume mounted there takes over.
RUN useradd --system --uid 10001 --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin curator \
&& mkdir /dictionaries \
&& chown curator /dictionaries
USER curator
# Updates the files whenever they are a week old (EDRDG's licence asks at least
# monthly), and sleeps in between.
ENTRYPOINT ["./bin/curate", "update", "--into", "/dictionaries", "--data", "data"]
CMD ["--every", "7"]

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free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
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state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
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Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
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# halkyon_learn_curator
Turns dictionary downloads into the dictionary files a Halkyon Learn server
loads. It reads each source with an adapter of its own and writes one format
for all of them, so a new source or language needs a new adapter, never a
change to the server or the app. It doesn't depend on Serverpod or the server.
It also makes the stroke files the app writes characters with (below).
## Making a dictionary file
JMdict in English, with the JLPT levels and example sentences on top:
1. Download `JMdict_e_examp.gz` from
[EDRDG](https://www.edrdg.org/pub/Nihongo/JMdict_e_examp.gz), which makes
it anew every day: JMdict with Tatoeba's sentences (CC BY 2.0 FR) on the
meanings they show. `JMdict_e.gz` works too, without them, and so does
jmdict-simplified's JSON (`jmdict-examples-eng-<version>.json`, from
[its releases](https://github.com/scriptin/jmdict-simplified/releases)).
2. Download `original_data/n1.csv` … `n5.csv` from
[yomitan-jlpt-vocab](https://github.com/stephenmk/yomitan-jlpt-vocab) into a
folder.
3. Convert, in this package:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate jmdict \
--input JMdict_e_examp.gz --jlpt jlpt/ \
--output jmdict-en.jsonl.gz
```
The whole of JMdict (about 219,000 entries) takes some 30 seconds and
300 MB of memory: entries are read one at a time. A file whose name
holds `.json` is read as jmdict-simplified's JSON, any other as EDRDG's
XML.
KANJIDIC2 in English, with the JLPT levels of its kanji, and the kana:
1. Download `kanjidic2.xml.gz` from
[the EDRDG](https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/KANJIDIC_Project).
2. Download `kanji.json` from
[kanji-data](https://github.com/davidluzgouveia/kanji-data): Jonathan
Waller's JLPT levels by kanji (`jlpt_new`; nothing else is read).
3. Convert, in this package:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate kanjidic \
--input kanjidic2.xml.gz --jlpt kanji.json \
--output kanjidic-en.jsonl.gz
```
About 12,800 characters, in some 5 seconds.
Wiktionary, for the words of German, Greek and English (decided 2026-10-14),
and for Korean the forms of its words and the native readings of its Hanja:
1. Download `raw-wiktextract-data.jsonl.gz` from
[kaikki.org](https://kaikki.org/dictionary/rawdata.html): the English
Wiktionary as Wiktextract reads it, every language in one file (some 3 GB,
24 GB unpacked; kaikki.org's files of single languages are being withdrawn).
2. Convert, in this package, naming the languages:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate wiktionary \
--input raw-wiktextract-data.jsonl.gz --languages de,el,en \
--version 2026-10-03 --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
```
Each language but English becomes its words with Wiktionary's English
meanings (`wiktionary-de-en.jsonl.gz`, source `wiktionary-de`); English
becomes its words with what their translation tables give in German
(`wiktionary-en-de.jsonl.gz`), German being the app's other language. An
inflected form, and an entry Wiktionary has for one alone ("Häusern: dative
plural of Haus"), finds its word rather than being an entry of its own;
names and affixes are left out. Word frequencies from `data/wordfreq/` rank
the words and say which are `common` (the 15,000 most used). Reading the
whole dump takes a while; it is read once, streamed, keeping in memory only
which forms belong to which word.
Chinese from CC-CEDICT (decided 2026-10-14: a dictionary of its own, made for
learners of Chinese, where Wiktionary's Chinese entries sit at their traditional
forms):
1. Download `cedict_1_0_ts_utf-8_mdbg.txt.gz` from
[MDBG](https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?page=cc-cedict), which makes it
anew every day.
2. Convert, in this package:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate cedict \
--input cedict_1_0_ts_utf-8_mdbg.txt.gz \
--output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
```
It writes two dictionaries of the same entries, `cc-cedict-hans-en`
(`zh-Hans`, headwords in simplified characters) and `cc-cedict-hant-en`
(`zh-Hant`, in traditional ones), so a studyset finds its words as it writes
them; each finds a word by either script, by its pinyin with or without tones
(`xuéxí`, `xuexi`, `xue2xi2`) and by its meanings. Readings are pinyin with
tone marks, a syllable to a character (`xué xí`). The HSK levels of the 2025
examination syllabus (`data/hsk/`) label the words `hsk:1` … `hsk:6`, and
`hsk:7` for the advanced levels 7 to 9, which the syllabus doesn't tell
apart, each given to the entry read as the syllabus reads the word (的 *de*,
not 的 *dì*), and rank them, HSK 1 first; wordfreq ranks the rest.
Chinese characters and Korean Hanja from Unihan, the Unicode Consortium's
database of Han characters (decided 2026-10-14, for parity with KANJIDIC2;
Unicode License v3):
1. Download `Unihan.zip` from
[unicode.org](https://www.unicode.org/Public/UCD/latest/ucd/Unihan.zip)
(8 MB, a new one with each version of Unicode), and CC-CEDICT as above.
2. Convert, naming the languages:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate unihan --input Unihan.zip \
--languages ko,zh --cedict cedict_1_0_ts_utf-8_mdbg.txt.gz \
[--korean .wiktionary-ko.json.gz] \
--output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
```
For Chinese, two dictionaries of characters as for the words: the 8,105
General Standard Chinese Characters of 2013 (`unihan-hans-en`, `zh-Hans`),
and the traditional characters in use (`unihan-hant-en`, `zh-Hant`): each of
them as Taiwan and Hong Kong write it, where it is a form of its own or a
word of CC-CEDICT writes it so (Unihan calls 这 its own traditional variant,
but no word is written with it), with those Hong Kong's primary schools
teach. Each with its pinyin (the usual reading first: the mainland's in
simplified, Taiwan's in traditional characters), meanings, stroke count and
other script's forms; labelled by its HSK level (`hsk:1` … `hsk:7`, from the
syllabus's characters in `data/hsk/`), the 3,500 standard characters in
common use (`common`), a Hong Kong grade (`grade:1` … `grade:6`) and its
Kangxi radical (`radical:N`), and ranked by HSK level, then by the most used
word of CC-CEDICT written with it (wordfreq), so 後 ranks as the 后 of 以后
and 后, the queen, by 皇后. For Korean, the 7,800 Hanja with a Korean reading
(`unihan-ko-en`): their sounds (음, the one taught first), their native
meanings with their sounds as Wiktionary gives them (훈, `물 수` for 水; from
the Wiktionary update's `.wiktionary-ko.json.gz`), meanings and strokes,
labelled `education` for the 1,800 taught in schools; and the 40 Hangul
letters (jamo) as the kana are in KANJIDIC2's, with their sound and name,
labelled `hangul`. Some 3 seconds.
The Greek alphabet, written by the curator itself (`greek-alphabet-en`, `el`,
CC0): each letter with its capital, its Greek and English names, its
transliteration (ELOT 743) and its sound, labelled `greek`, for a characters
tab as kana have.
Korean words from KRDict, the National Institute of Korean Language's Basic
Korean Dictionary for learners (decided 2026-10-14: levels, pronunciation and
Hanja, which Wiktionary lacks; CC BY-SA 2.0 KR, later versions allowed):
1. Download its JSON export from
[its page](https://krdict.korean.go.kr/download/downloadPopup) (Json 전체
내려받기; no account needed; some 84 MB, a gigabyte unpacked, renewed about
monthly).
2. Convert:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate krdict \
--input krdict_json_20260919.zip [--korean .wiktionary-ko.json.gz] \
--output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
```
`krdict-ko-en.jsonl.gz` holds its 54,870 words, idioms and proverbs, each
with its part of speech, its pronunciation as its reading where it differs
from the spelling (같이 [가치]), its Hanja, the few forms KRDict gives and
its senses (KRDict's English words, its English definition as `info`);
labelled by its learners' level (`level:beginner`, `level:intermediate`,
`level:advanced`) and ranked by it, then by wordfreq (a verb, rarely written
as the dictionary writes it, by its most used form). With the Wiktionary
update's file, every form Wiktionary's tables give (가다's 99) finds a word in
running text too. An idiom or proverb carries the id of the word it is filed
under, so its own id adds itself (`27500:가는 날이 장날`). Read an entry at a
time, some 25 seconds and 600 MB.
Example sentences from Tatoeba for those dictionaries (JMdict brings its own),
as hints on the cards made from them:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate tatoeba \
--input wiktionary-de-en.jsonl.gz --sentences deu_sentences.tsv.bz2 \
--translations eng_sentences.tsv.bz2 --links deu-eng_links.tsv.bz2 \
--output wiktionary-de-en.jsonl.gz
```
from [Tatoeba's weekly exports](https://downloads.tatoeba.org/exports/per_language/)
of the dictionary's language, of its meaning language and of the links between
them (CC BY 2.0 FR). Each sentence with a translation goes to the entries its
words find by their text keys, as the app finds words in a line of subtitles,
up to three for each: those using the word as its headword writes it first, then
those nearest seven words long, the shortest then; they come first in an entry's
first sense, the word as it stands there beside. Some ten seconds for German.
Put the files into the server's `dictionaries` folder. The server loads each on
its next start, and again whenever it changes (see the server's README).
## Keeping a server's dictionaries current
EDRDG's licence asks of a server showing its dictionaries that it update them
at least once a month. `curate update` does it from the sources alone:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate update \
--into ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries [--every 7]
```
It downloads EDRDG's files of the day (`JMdict_e_examp.gz`, `kanjidic2.xml.gz`),
converts them with the JLPT levels in `data/` (static lists, see
`data/README.md`), and writes `jmdict-en.jsonl.gz` and `kanjidic-en.jsonl.gz`
into the folder, each beside its place first and then renamed over it, so a
server never reads half a file; should anything fail, the files stay as they
were. Some 50 seconds and 400 MB. With `--every 7` it keeps running and updates
whenever the files are a week old, as their dates say (a restart doesn't
download again), and tries again six hours after a failure. An instance runs it
so in a container of its own (the server's README). Beside the files,
`.conversion` says how the curator converted them (`conversion` in
`lib/src/update.dart`): raise it whenever the curator writes something else
from the same download (a label, a field), and an instance converts again as
soon as the new curator runs, not a week later.
With `--languages de,el,en,ko,zh` it also keeps those languages current, each
file of words with Tatoeba's sentences of the week as examples (a dictionary
whose sentences can't be had keeps its words without them), in this order:
Chinese from MDBG's CC-CEDICT of the day as often as EDRDG's files; the words of
the rest from Wiktionary: each time it wakes it asks kaikki.org when its dump
last changed (`Last-Modified`, without downloading it), and converts it again
only when it is newer than the files' (about monthly), when the languages named
changed, or when `wiktionaryConversion` in `lib/src/update.dart` was raised;
`.wiktionary` beside the files says which (for Korean it keeps
`.wiktionary-ko.json.gz`, the forms and Hanja readings). The dump is converted
as it downloads, never stored. Korean's words from KRDict: each time it wakes
it reads KRDict's page, and converts again only when it offers another export,
when Wiktionary's Korean file changed, or when `krdictConversion` was raised
(`.krdict`). Then the characters (Unihan for Chinese and Korean, with
CC-CEDICT's words; the Greek alphabet) as often as EDRDG's files, and at once
when Wiktionary's Korean file is newer than the Hanja's. Files the curator wrote
for a language no longer named, or for a source replaced (Korean's words from
Wiktionary, before KRDict), are removed, and the server unloads them.
Each run also packs MeCab's IPADIC, where the image installed it (Ubuntu's
`mecab-ipadic-utf8`, which the Dockerfile installs), into `mecab-ipadic.tar.gz`
beside the files: the dictionary the app's devices download from their instance
to cut Japanese into words themselves (ADR 0012). The same dictionary always
packs to the same bytes, and a pack whose content is unchanged is left as it is
(`.mecab-ipadic.tar.gz.sha256` keeps its hash), so devices download it again only
when it changed. The server loads no file but dictionary files, so it leaves the
pack be, and serves it. By hand, from any compiled IPADIC:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate ipadic \
[--input /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8] \
--output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
```
## The format (`halkyon-dictionary`, version 1)
[JSON Lines](https://jsonlines.org/), gzipped when the name ends in `.gz`.
The **first line** says what the file holds:
| Field | |
|---|---|
| `format`, `formatVersion` | `"halkyon-dictionary"`, `1` |
| `kind` | `words` (a dictionary of words, JMdict) or `characters` (of the characters words are written in, KANJIDIC2). The app shows them apart. |
| `source`, `sourceVersion` | The source's name (`jmdict`) and version (`3.6.2 (2026-10-05)`). An instance holds one version of a source for each meaning language. |
| `language`, `glossLanguage` | BCP 47 tags: the words' language (`ja`) and the meanings' (`en`). |
| `license` | The data's licence, an SPDX identifier (`CC-BY-SA-4.0`). |
| `credits` | Everything it is drawn from: `name`, `by`, `license`, `url`. The app lists them where it credits its data sources. |
**Every further line** is an entry:
| Field | |
|---|---|
| `id` | Its id in the source; with the source and meaning language, it names the entry for good. |
| `headword`, `reading` | How the word is shown, and how it is read; no `reading` when the headword is its own (a word written in kana). |
| `labels` | What it can be picked by: `common` (JMdict's own; for Wiktionary, CC-CEDICT and KRDict the 15,000 words wordfreq finds most used; for Chinese characters the 3,500 standard ones in common use), `jlpt:n5` … `jlpt:n1`, `hsk:1` … `hsk:7`, KRDict's learners' levels (`level:beginner`, `level:intermediate`, `level:advanced`); for characters also the school grade (`grade:1` … `grade:6`, `grade:secondary` for the rest of the Jōyō kanji; Hong Kong's for traditional Chinese), Korea's 1,800 Hanja of education (`education`), a character's Kangxi radical (`radical:1` … `radical:214`, KANJIDIC2's classical one, Unihan's `kRSUnicode`) and the script (`hiragana`, `katakana`, `hangul`, `greek`). |
| `rank` | Its order among the source's entries, lower first; JMdict: N5 to N1 in their lists' order, then other common words, then the rest; KANJIDIC2: hiragana and katakana in the kana table's order, then kanji by JLPT level, then by school grade, then the rest, each by frequency. |
| `keys` | What a search matches, lower case: written forms, readings in their own script and romanised, meanings. Everything specific to a language happens here, so the server's search knows no language. |
| `looseKeys` | What a search matches after every `keys` match: spellings people type that aren't quite right (romaji with long vowels typed once, `sushi` for すうし; a word without its accents or umlauts, `strasse`, `haeuser`, `spiti`). Left out when empty. |
| `textKeys` | What finds the entry in running text (subtitles, lyrics): its own forms, lower case (`haus`, `häuser`, `häusern`), never its meanings, which would match words of the meaning language in a text. Left out: every key without a space finds it, as for JMdict, whose keys in Japanese script never meet a meaning's. |
| `entry` | The entry itself, as cards take it: `forms` and `readings` (`text`, `common`, the source's `tags`; for a reading the `forms` it belongs to), `senses` (`glosses`; the source's codes in `pos`, `misc`, `field`, `dialect`; `info`; the `forms` and `readings` a sense is limited to; `examples`, sentences using the word in that sense: `text`, the form it takes there, `ja`, the sentence, `en`, its translation, and the source's id, e.g. `tatoeba`). Lists are left out when empty. A character's: `meanings`; `on` and `kun`, its readings as KANJIDIC2 writes them (a kun reading's okurigana after a `.`, a dash where it attaches to others); `grade`, `strokes`, `frequency` (its place among the 2,500 most used in newspapers) and `jlpt` where it has them. A kana's: `romaji` and `script`. A Wiktionary word's: `pos` (Wiktionary's part of speech for the whole entry: `noun`, `verb`, `adj`), `genders` (`m`, `f`, `n` of a German or Greek noun), `romanization` (Greek's), `ipa`, `inflections` (the forms on the word's own line: a noun's genitive and plural, a verb's principal parts; `text` and Wiktionary's `tags`), and `senses` with `glosses`, `tags` (how and where a sense is used: `colloquial`, `Austria`), `info` (for English with German translations, the English meaning a translation is of) and `examples` keyed by language as JMdict's (`de`, the sentence; `en`, its translation; `text`, the word as it stands there). A CC-CEDICT word's: `forms` (the word in the other script), `readings` (pinyin with tone marks), `senses` (each of CC-CEDICT's meanings, its glosses split at `;`) and `classifiers` (its measure words, `个 gè`). A KRDict word's: `pos`, `hanja`, `inflections` (`text`) and `senses` (`glosses`, its English definition as `info`). A Chinese character's: `meanings`, `pinyin` (the usual reading first), `strokes`, `traditional` or `simplified` (its forms in the other script), `hsk` and `frequency` (the place of the most used word written with it). A Hanja's: `meanings`, `eum` (its sounds in Hangul, the one taught first), `hun` and `eumhun` (its native meanings, and each with its sound, `물 수`) and `strokes`. A Hangul letter's: `romaji` (its sound, `g, k`), `script` and `name` (`기역`). A Greek letter's: `romaji` (its transliteration), `script`, `name`, `englishName` and `sound` (IPA). |
## The app's stroke files
How every kanji and kana is written comes from
[KanjiVG](https://kanjivg.tagaini.net) and is bundled with the app, so writing
works without a server. To update it, download `kanjivg-<date>.xml.gz` from
[KanjiVG's releases](https://github.com/KanjiVG/kanjivg/releases) and, in this
package:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate kanjivg \
--input kanjivg-20260714.xml.gz \
--output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/kanjivg
```
It writes one gzipped JSON file for every 256 code points that have any,
named by the code point's upper bits in hexadecimal (食, U+98DF, is in
`098.json.gz`; 94 files, 2.7 MB), so the app reads only the part it needs.
Each maps a character to its strokes (`s`, SVG paths in KanjiVG's 109 × 109
box, in the order they're written) and the components KanjiVG first splits it
into (`c`, when it has any). Then update the release named in the folder's
`ATTRIBUTION.md`.
Chinese characters are written as Make Me a Hanzi draws them
([skishore/makemeahanzi](https://github.com/skishore/makemeahanzi), decided
2026-10-14 for parity with KanjiVG: its own shapes and the mainland's stroke
order, 9,574 characters of both scripts; the strokes under the Arphic Public
License, the components under the LGPL). Download its `graphics.txt` and
`dictionary.txt`, then:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate makemeahanzi \
--input graphics.txt --dictionary dictionary.txt \
--output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/makemeahanzi
```
It writes the same files as for KanjiVG (99 files, 2.7 MB): each stroke is the
line Make Me a Hanzi draws through the middle of its outline (its median),
scaled from its 1024 square, whose y axis points up from 124 below the bottom,
into KanjiVG's 109 square, y pointing down; the outlines are left out, as the
app draws and checks strokes along their middle. A character's components are
the first split of its decomposition (海: 氵, 每). Each file says how and when it
was changed (`notice`), as the Arphic Public License asks of a changed file.
They stay a data file beside the app, never in cards (the folder's
`ATTRIBUTION.md`).
The Hangul letters are drawn by the curator itself (CC0), as no openly
licensed data draws them with their strokes:
```sh
dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate hangul \
--output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/hangul
```
writes `031.json.gz`: the 40 letters in the order Korean schools teach their
strokes (`lib/src/sources/hangul_strokes.dart`), and the pairs of consonants
(ㄲ, and the clusters closing syllables, 닭's ㄺ) as their two letters side by
side, so a Korean word is written letter by letter.
## Adding a source
Write an adapter in `lib/src/sources/` that turns the source into the lines
above, with its credits and a sample of real data in `test/fixtures/` (and
where that comes from in `test/fixtures/README.md`); give it a command in
`bin/curate.dart`. Check the source's licence first, and that the instance may
pass its data on to the people using it.

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# The workspace's lint rules (see ../analysis_options.yaml).
include: ../analysis_options.yaml

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import 'dart:convert';
import 'dart:io';
import 'package:archive/archive.dart';
import 'package:args/args.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/mecab.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/cedict.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/hangul_strokes.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/jlpt.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/jmdict.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/jmdict_xml.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/kanjidic.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/kanjivg.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/krdict.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/makemeahanzi.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/tatoeba.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/unihan.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/sources/wiktionary.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/update.dart';
import 'package:halkyon_learn_curator/src/wordfreq.dart';
/// Turns a dictionary download into a dictionary file for the server's
/// `dictionaries` folder, or KanjiVG into the app's stroke files
/// (README.md):
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate jmdict \
/// --input JMdict_e_examp.gz --jlpt original_data \
/// --output jmdict-en.jsonl.gz
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate kanjidic \
/// --input kanjidic2.xml.gz --jlpt kanji.json \
/// --output kanjidic-en.jsonl.gz
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate kanjivg \
/// --input kanjivg-20260714.xml.gz \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/kanjivg
///
/// The Hangul letters' strokes, the curator's own, into the app's stroke
/// files:
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate hangul \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/hangul
///
/// Make Me a Hanzi into the app's stroke files of Chinese characters:
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate makemeahanzi \
/// --input graphics.txt --dictionary dictionary.txt \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_flutter/assets/makemeahanzi
///
/// Wiktionary, as kaikki.org's dump of it, into dictionary files of the
/// languages named (German and Greek with English meanings, English with
/// German ones):
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate wiktionary \
/// --input raw-wiktextract-data.jsonl.gz --languages de,el,en \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
///
/// MeCab's compiled IPADIC into the pack the app's devices download (ADR
/// 0012), from Ubuntu's `mecab-ipadic-utf8` unless another folder is given
/// (`update` packs it too, where that package is installed):
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate ipadic \
/// [--input /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8] \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
///
/// CC-CEDICT into its two dictionary files, simplified and traditional:
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate cedict \
/// --input cedict_1_0_ts_utf-8_mdbg.txt.gz \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
///
/// Unihan into dictionary files of Chinese characters (simplified and
/// traditional) and of Korean Hanja, for the languages named, the Hanja's
/// native readings from a Wiktionary update's `.wiktionary-ko.json.gz`:
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate unihan \
/// --input Unihan.zip --languages ko,zh [--cedict <file>] \
/// [--korean <file>] \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
///
/// KRDict's JSON export into the dictionary file of Korean words, with
/// the forms of each a Wiktionary update kept (`.wiktionary-ko.json.gz`):
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate krdict \
/// --input krdict_json_20260919.zip [--korean <file>] \
/// --output ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries
///
/// Tatoeba's sentences as examples into a dictionary file of words (its
/// exports of the dictionary's language, of its meaning language, and of
/// the links between them, bzip2 or not):
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate tatoeba \
/// --input wiktionary-de-en.jsonl.gz --sentences deu_sentences.tsv.bz2 \
/// --translations eng_sentences.tsv.bz2 --links deu-eng_links.tsv.bz2 \
/// --output wiktionary-de-en.jsonl.gz
///
/// Or brings a server's dictionaries up to date from EDRDG's files of the
/// day and, for the languages named, Wiktionary's latest dump and MDBG's
/// CC-CEDICT of the day (Chinese), once or every so many days:
///
/// dart run halkyon_learn_curator:curate update \
/// --into ../halkyon_learn_server/dictionaries [--every 7] \
/// [--languages de,el,en,zh]
Future<void> main(List<String> args) async {
final parser = ArgParser()
..addOption(
'input',
abbr: 'i',
help: 'The source file, unpacked or gzipped (.gz).',
)
..addOption(
'jlpt',
help:
"jmdict: yomitan-jlpt-vocab's original_data folder (n1.csv … "
"n5.csv); kanjidic: kanji-data's kanji.json.",
)
..addFlag(
'examples',
help:
"The input is JMdict's examples edition (EDRDG's "
"JMdict_e_examp.gz, jmdict-simplified's jmdict-examples-eng-*.json): "
'credit Tatoeba for its sentences. On by default for a file named '
'so.',
defaultsTo: null,
)
..addOption(
'output',
abbr: 'o',
help:
'The dictionary file to write, gzipped when it ends in .gz; for '
'kanjivg the folder to write the stroke files into.',
)
..addOption('into', help: 'update: the folder of the dictionary files.')
..addOption(
'data',
help: "update: the curator's data folder (the JLPT lists).",
defaultsTo: 'data',
)
..addOption(
'every',
help:
'update: keep running, and update once the files are this many '
'days old.',
)
..addOption(
'languages',
help:
'wiktionary: the languages to write dictionaries of, by their '
'BCP 47 tags (de,el,en); update: the languages besides Japanese '
'to keep current (de,el,en,zh; Chinese from CC-CEDICT, the rest '
"from Wiktionary's dump), none without.",
)
..addOption(
'sentences',
help: "tatoeba: Tatoeba's sentences in the dictionary's language.",
)
..addOption(
'translations',
help: "tatoeba: Tatoeba's sentences in the meaning language.",
)
..addOption(
'links',
help: "tatoeba: Tatoeba's links between the two languages.",
)
..addOption(
'cedict',
help:
'unihan: CC-CEDICT, whose words tell traditional characters in use '
'and rank the characters.',
)
..addOption(
'dictionary',
help: "makemeahanzi: its dictionary.txt, for the characters' components.",
)
..addOption(
'korean',
help:
'unihan, krdict: what a Wiktionary update kept for Korean '
"(.wiktionary-ko.json.gz: the Hanja's native readings, the "
"words' forms).",
)
..addOption(
'version',
help:
"wiktionary: the dump's date (2026-10-03); the input file's date "
'without.',
);
final ArgResults options;
try {
options = parser.parse(args);
} on FormatException catch (error) {
_fail('${error.message}\n${parser.usage}');
}
final [source, ...] = options.rest.isEmpty ? [''] : options.rest;
if (source == 'update') {
final into = options.option('into');
final every = options.option('every');
final days = every == null ? null : int.tryParse(every);
if (into == null || (every != null && (days == null || days < 1))) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate update --into <folder> [--data <folder>] '
'[--every <days>] [--languages <languages>]\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
await _update(
Directory(into),
Directory(options.option('data')!),
days,
languages: _languages(options.option('languages')),
// Without --languages, the files of other languages are left as
// they are: an operator may keep them up to date otherwise.
removesOthers: options.option('languages') != null,
);
return;
}
if (source == 'ipadic') {
final output = options.option('output');
if (output == null) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate ipadic [--input <compiled IPADIC>] --output <folder>'
'\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final packed = await packIpadic(
Directory(options.option('input') ?? systemIpadic),
Directory(output),
licence: File(systemIpadicLicence),
);
stdout.writeln(
packed == null
? '$ipadicFile in $output is up to date.'
: 'Wrote ${packed.path}.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'tatoeba') {
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
final files = [
for (final name in ['sentences', 'translations', 'links'])
options.option(name),
];
if (input == null || output == null || files.contains(null)) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate tatoeba --input <dictionary> --sentences <file> '
'--translations <file> --links <file> --output <dictionary>'
'\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
Stream<String> lines(String path) {
final bytes = path.endsWith('.bz2')
? Stream.value(
BZip2Decoder().decodeBytes(File(path).readAsBytesSync()),
)
: File(path).openRead();
return bytes.transform(utf8.decoder).transform(const LineSplitter());
}
final links = await readTatoebaLinks(lines(files[2]!));
final sentences = await readTatoebaSentences(
lines(files[0]!),
wanted: links.containsKey,
);
final linked = {for (final ids in links.values) ...ids};
final translations = await readTatoebaSentences(
lines(files[1]!),
wanted: linked.contains,
);
final written = File('$output.part');
final bytes = withTatoebaExamples(
File(input),
sentences: sentences,
translations: translations,
links: links,
).transform(utf8.encoder);
await (output.endsWith('.gz') ? bytes.transform(gzip.encoder) : bytes).pipe(
written.openWrite(),
);
await written.rename(output);
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote $output with ${sentences.length} sentences of Tatoeba to '
'choose from.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'cedict') {
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
if (input == null || output == null) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate cedict --input <file> --output <folder> '
'[--data <folder>]\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final read = File(input).openRead();
final text =
await (input.endsWith('.gz') ? read.transform(gzip.decoder) : read)
.transform(utf8.decoder)
.join();
final data = options.option('data')!;
final hsk = await readHskLevels(hskFile(Directory(data)));
final frequencies = File('$data/wordfreq/small_zh.msgpack.gz');
final words = frequencies.existsSync()
? await WordFrequencies.read(frequencies)
: WordFrequencies.none;
final folder = await Directory(output).create(recursive: true);
for (final traditional in [false, true]) {
await Stream.fromIterable(
cedictDictionary(
text,
traditional: traditional,
hsk: hsk,
frequencies: words,
),
)
.transform(utf8.encoder)
.transform(gzip.encoder)
.pipe(
File('${folder.path}/${cedictFileName(traditional: traditional)}')
.openWrite(),
);
}
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote ${cedictFileName(traditional: false)} and '
'${cedictFileName(traditional: true)} to $output.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'krdict') {
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
if (input == null || output == null) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate krdict --input <zip> --output <folder> '
'[--korean <file>] [--data <folder>]\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final korean = options.option('korean');
final frequencies = File(
'${options.option('data')}/wordfreq/small_ko.msgpack.gz',
);
final folder = await Directory(output).create(recursive: true);
final (:version, :entries) = krdictExport(await File(input).readAsBytes());
await krdictDictionary(
entries,
sourceVersion: version,
frequencies: frequencies.existsSync()
? await WordFrequencies.read(frequencies)
: null,
korean: korean == null
? null
: WiktionaryKorean.fromJson(
utf8.decode(gzip.decode(await File(korean).readAsBytes())),
),
)
.transform(utf8.encoder)
.transform(gzip.encoder)
.pipe(File('${folder.path}/$krdictFileName').openWrite());
stdout.writeln('Wrote $krdictFileName to $output.');
return;
}
if (source == 'unihan') {
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
final languages = _languages(options.option('languages'));
if (input == null || output == null || languages.isEmpty) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate unihan --input <Unihan.zip> --languages <languages> '
'--output <folder> [--cedict <file>] [--korean <file>] '
'[--data <folder>]'
'\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final korean = options.option('korean');
final cedict = options.option('cedict');
final written = await unihanDictionaries(
await File(input).readAsBytes(),
into: await Directory(output).create(recursive: true),
languages: languages,
data: Directory(options.option('data')!),
cedict: cedict == null
? null
: await (cedict.endsWith('.gz')
? File(cedict).openRead().transform(gzip.decoder)
: File(cedict).openRead())
.transform(utf8.decoder)
.join(),
eumhun: korean == null
? const {}
: WiktionaryKorean.fromJson(
utf8.decode(gzip.decode(await File(korean).readAsBytes())),
).hanja,
);
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote ${[for (final file in written) file.uri.pathSegments.last].join(', ')} '
'to $output.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'wiktionary') {
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
final languages = _languages(options.option('languages'));
if (input == null || output == null || languages.isEmpty) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate wiktionary --input <file> --languages <languages> '
'--output <folder> [--version <date>] [--data <folder>]'
'\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final read = File(input).openRead();
final outputs = wiktionaryOutputs(languages);
final data = options.option('data')!;
final written = await wiktionaryDictionaries(
(input.endsWith('.gz') ? read.transform(gzip.decoder) : read)
.transform(utf8.decoder)
.transform(const LineSplitter()),
into: Directory(output),
sourceVersion:
options.option('version') ??
File(input).lastModifiedSync().toIso8601String().substring(0, 10),
languages: outputs.languages,
translatedInto: outputs.translatedInto,
frequencies: {
for (final language in {...languages, 'en'})
if (File('$data/wordfreq/small_$language.msgpack.gz') case final file
when file.existsSync())
language: await WordFrequencies.read(file),
},
);
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote ${[for (final file in written) file.uri.pathSegments.last].join(', ')} '
'to $output.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'hangul') {
final output = options.option('output');
if (output == null) {
_fail('Usage: curate hangul --output <folder>\n${parser.usage}');
}
final strokes = hangulStrokes();
final folder = await Directory(output).create(recursive: true);
final files = strokeFiles(strokes);
for (final MapEntry(key: name, value: characters) in files.entries) {
await File('${folder.path}/$name.json.gz')
.writeAsBytes(gzip.encode(utf8.encode(jsonEncode(characters))));
}
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote the strokes of ${strokes.length} Hangul letters to $output.',
);
return;
}
if (source == 'makemeahanzi') {
final input = options.option('input');
final dictionary = options.option('dictionary');
final output = options.option('output');
if (input == null || output == null) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate makemeahanzi --input graphics.txt '
'[--dictionary dictionary.txt] --output <folder>\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final strokes = makemeahanziStrokes(
await File(input).readAsLines(),
dictionary: dictionary == null
? const []
: await File(dictionary).readAsLines(),
);
final folder = await Directory(output).create(recursive: true);
final files = strokeFiles(
strokes,
notice: makemeahanziNotice(
DateTime.now().toUtc().toIso8601String().substring(0, 10),
),
);
for (final MapEntry(key: name, value: characters) in files.entries) {
await File('${folder.path}/$name.json.gz')
.writeAsBytes(gzip.encode(utf8.encode(jsonEncode(characters))));
}
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote the strokes of ${strokes.length} characters to '
'${files.length} files in $output.',
);
return;
}
final input = options.option('input');
final output = options.option('output');
if (!['jmdict', 'kanjidic', 'kanjivg'].contains(source) ||
input == null ||
output == null) {
_fail(
'Usage: curate jmdict|kanjidic|kanjivg --input <file> [--jlpt <path>] '
'--output <path>\n${parser.usage}',
);
}
final read = File(input).openRead();
final text = (input.endsWith('.gz') ? read.transform(gzip.decoder) : read)
.transform(utf8.decoder);
final jlptPath = options.option('jlpt');
if (source == 'kanjivg') {
final strokes = kanjivgStrokes(await text.join());
final folder = await Directory(output).create(recursive: true);
final files = strokeFiles(strokes);
for (final MapEntry(key: name, value: characters) in files.entries) {
await File('${folder.path}/$name.json.gz')
.writeAsBytes(gzip.encode(utf8.encode(jsonEncode(characters))));
}
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote the strokes of ${strokes.length} characters to '
'${files.length} files in $output.',
);
return;
}
final Stream<String> lines;
final int withLevel;
if (source == 'kanjidic') {
final jlpt = jlptPath == null
? const <String, int>{}
: await readKanjiJlpt(File(jlptPath));
lines = Stream.fromIterable(
kanjidicDictionary(await text.join(), jlpt: jlpt),
);
withLevel = jlpt.length;
} else {
final jlpt = jlptPath == null
? const <String, JlptLevel>{}
: await readJlptLevels(Directory(jlptPath));
final name = File(input).uri.pathSegments.last;
final examples = options.wasParsed('examples')
? options.flag('examples')
: name.contains('examp');
// jmdict-simplified's JSON (`jmdict-eng-….json`), else EDRDG's XML.
lines = name.contains('.json')
? jmdictDictionary(text, jlpt: jlpt, examples: examples)
: jmdictXmlDictionary(text, jlpt: jlpt, examples: examples);
withLevel = jlpt.length;
}
var entries = -1;
final bytes = lines
.map((line) {
entries++;
return line;
})
.transform(utf8.encoder);
await (output.endsWith('.gz') ? bytes.transform(gzip.encoder) : bytes).pipe(
File(output).openWrite(),
);
stdout.writeln(
'Wrote $entries entries to $output'
'${withLevel == 0 ? '' : ' ($withLevel with a JLPT level)'}.',
);
}
/// Updates the dictionaries in [into]; with [every], keeps running and
/// updates them whenever they are that many days old (as the files' dates
/// say, so a restart doesn't download them again), trying again after six
/// hours when an update fails. Of [languages], Chinese comes from
/// CC-CEDICT as often as EDRDG's files, and its characters from Unihan;
/// Korean from KRDict, looked at each time it wakes and converted again
/// only when it offers another export, and its Hanja from Unihan; the rest
/// from Wiktionary, looked at each time it wakes and converted again only
/// when the dump is newer (Korean's forms and the Hanja's readings come
/// from it too); Greek's alphabet with the characters. Files of languages
/// no longer kept go.
Future<void> _update(
Directory into,
Directory data,
int? every, {
Set<String> languages = const {},
bool removesOthers = true,
}) async {
final (:wiktionary, :chinese, :korean, :greek) = dictionarySources(languages);
void say(String message) =>
stdout.writeln('${DateTime.now().toUtc().toIso8601String()} $message');
void written(List<File> files) {
if (files.isNotEmpty) {
say(
'Updated ${[for (final file in files) file.uri.pathSegments.last].join(', ')}.',
);
}
}
/// Runs [step], saying what it wrote; false when it failed.
Future<bool> attempt(String name, Future<List<File>> Function() step) async {
try {
written(await step());
return true;
} on Object catch (error) {
say('Updating $name failed: $error');
return false;
}
}
Future<bool> once() => attempt(
'the dictionaries',
() => updateDictionaries(into: into, data: data),
);
// Files as old as EDRDG's may be: CC-CEDICT's, and the characters'.
bool due(DateTime? updated) =>
updated == null ||
DateTime.now().difference(updated) >= Duration(days: every ?? 1);
Future<bool> chineseOnce() async =>
!chinese ||
!due(cedictUpdated(into)) ||
await attempt('CC-CEDICT', () => updateCedict(into: into, data: data));
Future<bool> wiktionaryOnce() => attempt(
'Wiktionary',
() => updateWiktionary(
into: into,
data: data,
languages: wiktionary,
korean: korean,
),
);
Future<bool> koreanOnce() async =>
!korean ||
await attempt('KRDict', () => updateKrdict(into: into, data: data));
Future<bool> charactersOnce() async =>
!due(
charactersUpdated(into, chinese: chinese, korean: korean, greek: greek),
) ||
await attempt(
'the characters',
() => updateCharacters(
into: into,
data: data,
chinese: chinese,
korean: korean,
greek: greek,
),
);
// MeCab's IPADIC for the devices, where the image installed it; packed
// again only when it changed.
Future<bool> ipadicOnce() async =>
!Directory(systemIpadic).existsSync() ||
await attempt('IPADIC', () async {
final packed = await packIpadic(
Directory(systemIpadic),
into,
licence: File(systemIpadicLicence),
);
return [?packed];
});
// In this order: Korean's words and Hanja take what Wiktionary kept.
// What is no longer wanted goes last, once what replaces it is there.
Future<bool> languagesOnce() async {
final done =
!(!await chineseOnce() |
!await wiktionaryOnce() |
!await koreanOnce() |
!await charactersOnce() |
!await ipadicOnce());
final removed = removesOthers
? removeUnwanted(into, languages)
: const <File>[];
if (removed.isNotEmpty) {
say(
'Removed ${[for (final file in removed) file.uri.pathSegments.last].join(', ')}.',
);
}
return done;
}
if (every == null) {
if (!await once() || !await languagesOnce()) {
exit(1);
}
return;
}
for (;;) {
final due = lastUpdated(into)?.add(Duration(days: every));
final now = DateTime.now();
if (due == null || !now.isBefore(due)) {
if (!await once()) {
await Future<void>.delayed(const Duration(hours: 6));
}
continue;
}
final retry = !await languagesOnce();
final next = retry && due.difference(now) > const Duration(hours: 6)
? DateTime.now().add(const Duration(hours: 6))
: due;
say('Up to date; the next look ${next.toUtc().toIso8601String()}.');
await Future<void>.delayed(next.difference(DateTime.now()));
}
}
/// The languages a comma-separated list names (`de,el,en`).
Set<String> _languages(String? list) => {
for (final language in (list ?? '').split(','))
if (language.trim().isNotEmpty) language.trim(),
};
Never _fail(String message) {
stderr.writeln(message);
exit(64);
}

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# Data the curator brings along
What the dictionaries draw on besides their sources, and never changes, so
`curate update` needs only EDRDG's files of the day, MDBG's CC-CEDICT and
Wiktionary's dump.
`jlpt/n1.csv` … `n5.csv` are the JLPT vocabulary lists of
[yomitan-jlpt-vocab](https://github.com/stephenmk/yomitan-jlpt-vocab)
(`original_data`, as of 2026-10-09), CC BY-SA 4.0 (`jlpt/LICENSE.txt`): Jonathan
Waller's lists ([tanos.co.uk](http://www.tanos.co.uk/jlpt/), CC BY) with each
word's JMdict entry and its most common spelling, by stephenmk.
`kanji-jlpt.json` maps each kanji on Jonathan Waller's JLPT kanji lists
([tanos.co.uk](http://www.tanos.co.uk/jlpt/), CC BY) to its level, 5 for N5 to 1
for N1: the `jlpt_new` of
[kanji-data](https://github.com/davidluzgouveia/kanji-data)'s `kanji.json`
(MIT, as of 2026-10-09), nothing else of it.
The lists are over ten years old and won't change; replace them only for a list
of the same shape.
`wordfreq/small_<language>.msgpack.gz` are wordfreq's lists of how often words
are used ([wordfreq](https://github.com/rspeer/wordfreq) v3.0, as of 2021-03-29,
the last change to its data), unchanged: CC BY-SA 4.0, by Robyn Speer, drawn from
SUBTLEX (Marc Brysbaert et al., whose authors wordfreq's licence asks to be
credited, and who made SUBTLEX freely available), OpenSubtitles, Wikipedia,
Google Books Ngrams and others, as wordfreq's README lists them. The Wiktionary
dictionaries take their ranks and their `common` label from them and credit
both. wordfreq's data won't change: it was sunset in 2024.
`hsk/syllabus2025_words.tsv` lists the 10,896 words of the HSK examination
syllabus published in November 2025 by the Center for Language Education and
Cooperation (中外语言交流合作中心), the one HSK 3.0's examination follows since
July 2026, each with its level (1 to 6, 7 for 7 to 9), the level of a homograph
graded twice, its pinyin and its part of speech: as extracted from the
syllabus's PDF by Alvaro Serrano's [hsk30](https://github.com/harukicoder/hsk30)
(`corpus/syllabus2025/`, as of 2026-09-06), MIT (`hsk/LICENSE.txt`), unchanged.
Only each word's level reaches the dictionaries (`hsk:N`), with the pinyin to
tell CC-CEDICT's readings of one word apart; the curator credits both. The
Ministry claims copyright on the standard's documents; a word's level is a fact
about it, which the dictionaries keep with attribution (decided 2026-10-14).
`hsk/syllabus2025_chars.tsv` lists the syllabus's 3,088 characters to recognise
(认读字) with their levels (246, 125, 284, 441, 431 and 413 for levels 1 to 6,
1,148 for 7 to 9), from the same repository and commit (`corpus/syllabus2025/`),
MIT, unchanged; they label the Chinese characters (`hsk:N`) as the words' label
the words.

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MIT License
Copyright (c) 2026 Alvaro Serrano
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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jmdict_seq,kana,kanji,waller_definition
2394370,あ,,Ah
2085080,ああ,,like that
1151120,あいさつ,,to greet
1215230,あいだ,間,a space
1284430,あう,合う,to match
1383260,あかちゃん,,infant
1352290,あがる,上る,to rise
1383310,あかんぼう,赤ん坊,baby
1586270,あく,空く,"to open, to become empty"
1015220,アクセサリー,,accessory
1352320,あげる,,to give
1390800,あさい,浅い,"shallow,superficial"
1526960,あじ,味,flavour
1015840,アジア,,Asia
1584660,あす,明日,tomorrow
1542070,あそび,遊び,play
1333550,あつまる,集る,to gather
1333560,あつめる,集める,to collect something
1017330,アナウンサー,,announcer
1929050,アフリカ,,Africa
1149830,アメリカ,,America
1323010,あやまる,謝る,to apologize
1019280,アルコール,,alcohol
1019420,アルバイト,,part-time job
1153890,あんしん,安心,relief
1153930,あんぜん,安全,safety
1000590,あんな,,such
1154860,あんない,案内,to guide
1155060,いか,以下,less than
1155090,いがい,以外,with the exception of
1159810,いがく,医学,medical science
1378520,いきる,生きる,to live
1156530,いけん,意見,opinion
1382440,いし,石,stone
1195140,いじめる,,to tease
1155120,いじょう,以上,"more than,this is all"
1228650,いそぐ,急ぐ,to hurry
1421900,いたす,致す,(humble) to do
1587290,いただく,,(humble) to receive
1576250,いちど,一度,once
1164010,いっしょうけんめい,一生懸命,with utmost effort
1165670,いっぱい,一杯,full
1311450,いと,糸,thread
1155180,いない,以内,within
1442750,いなか,田舎,countryside
1222770,いのる,祈る,to pray
1000940,いらっしゃる,,"(respectful) to be,to come or to go"
1357250,うえる,植える,"to plant,to grow"
1305700,うかがう,伺う,to visit
1588060,うけつけ,受付,receipt
1329590,うける,受ける,to take a lesson or test
1451210,うごく,動く,to move
1172400,うそ,嘘,a lie
1457730,うち,内,within
1408810,うつ,打つ,to hit
1486360,うつくしい,美しい,beautiful
1588320,うつす,写す,to copy or photograph
1158210,うつる,移る,to move house or transfer
1562850,うで,腕,arm
1310460,うまい,上手い,delicious
1550190,うら,裏,reverse side
1588550,うりば,売り場,place where things are sold
1219510,うれしい,,glad
1001090,うん,,(informal) yes
1172830,うんてん,運転,to drive
1172870,うんてんしゅ,運転手,driver
1172910,うんどう,運動,to exercise
1028580,エスカレーター,,escalator
1310530,えだ,枝,"branch, twig"
1588730,えらぶ,選ぶ,to choose
1178450,えんりょ,遠慮,"to be reserved, to be restrained"
1001180,おいでになる,,(respectful) to be
1612770,おいわい,お祝い,congratulation
1032030,オートバイ,,motorcycle
1001640,おかげ,,owing to
1190860,おかしい,,strange or funny
1182620,おく,億,one hundred million
1182710,おくじょう,屋上,rooftop
1589030,おくりもの,贈り物,gift
1402730,おくる,送る,to send
1589040,おくれる,遅れる,to be late
1223660,おこす,起す,to wake
1589060,おこなう,行う,to do
1445690,おこる,怒る,"to get angry,to be angry"
1589110,おしいれ,押し入れ,closet
1002170,おじょうさん,お嬢さん,young lady
1002400,おたく,お宅,(polite) your house
1548550,おちる,落る,to fall or drop
1238840,おっしゃる,,(respectful) to say
1496480,おっと,夫,husband
1270550,おつり,,"change from purchase, balance"
1576900,おと,音,"sound,note"
1589260,おとす,落す,to drop
1546880,おどり,踊り,a dance
1538440,おどる,踊る,to dance
1238680,おどろく,驚く,to be surprised
1604135,おまつり,お祭り,festival
1001870,おみまい,お見舞い,"calling on someone who is ill,enquiry"
1002500,おみやげ,お土産,souvenir
1309260,おもいだす,思い出す,to remember
1589350,おもう,思う,"to think,to feel"
1217070,おもちゃ,,toy
1489340,おもて,表,the front
1365040,おや,親,parents
1589500,おりる,下りる,to get off
1385910,おる,折る,to break or to fold
1270810,おれい,お礼,expression of gratitude
1385920,おれる,折れる,to break or be folded
1589590,おわり,終わり,the end
1036290,カーテン,,curtain
1201280,かいがん,海岸,coast
1198360,かいぎ,会議,meeting
1198380,かいぎしつ,会議室,meeting room
1198660,かいじょう,会場,assembly hall or meeting place
1198880,かいわ,会話,conversation
1221250,かえり,帰り,return
1510650,かえる,変える,to change
1192700,かがく,科学,science
1238550,かがみ,鏡,mirror
1357210,かざる,飾る,to decorate
1193950,かじ,火事,fire
1040060,ガス,,petrol
1040250,ガソリン,,petrol
1040260,ガソリンスタンド,,petrol station
1257110,かたい,堅い,hard
1257110,かたい,硬い,hard
1257110,かたい,固い,hard
1250220,かたち,形,shape
1511790,かたづける,片付ける,to tidy up
1195840,かちょう,課長,section manager
1346150,かつ,勝つ,to win
1590480,かっこう,格好,appearance
1192420,かない,家内,housewife
1483190,かなしい,悲しい,sad
1487400,かならず,必ず,"certainly,necessarily"
2429350,おかねもち,お金持ち,rich man
1242970,かねもち,金持ち,rich man
1483150,かのじょ,彼女,"she,girlfriend"
1509290,かべ,壁,wall
1279680,かまう,,to mind
1477950,かみ,髪,hair
1209240,かむ,噛む,"to bite,to chew"
1432850,かよう,通う,to commute
1040380,ガラス,,a glass pane
1483070,かれ,彼,"he,boyfriend"
1483090,かれら,彼ら,they
1209650,かわく,乾く,to get dry
1590770,かわり,代わり,"substitute,alternate"
1510790,かわる,変わる,to change
1281020,かんがえる,考える,to consider
1215810,かんけい,関係,relationship
1213870,かんごふ,看護婦,female nurse
1214330,かんたん,簡単,simple
1221520,き,気,"spirit,mood"
1220800,きかい,機会,opportunity
1218560,きけん,危険,danger
1591150,きこえる,聞こえる,to be heard
1222700,きしゃ,汽車,steam train
1225130,ぎじゅつ,技術,"art,technology,skill"
1222840,きせつ,季節,season
1223021,きそく,規則,regulations
1003430,きっと,,surely
1258710,きぬ,絹,silk
1262530,きびしい,厳しい,strict
1222590,きぶん,気分,mood
1591420,きまる,決る,to be decided
1247250,きみ,君,(informal) You (used by men towards women)
1254180,きめる,決める,to decide
1591430,きもち,気持ち,"feeling,mood"
1423240,きもの,着物,kimono
1226630,きゃく,客,"guest,customer"
1228560,きゅう,急,"urgent, steep"
1228690,きゅうこう,急行,"speedy, express"
1236950,きょういく,教育,education
1237030,きょうかい,教会,church
1234140,きょうそう,競争,competition
1238410,きょうみ,興味,an interest
1242350,きんじょ,近所,neighbourhood
1592500,ぐあい,具合,"condition,health"
1245470,くうき,空気,"air,atmosphere"
1245570,くうこう,空港,airport
1401910,くさ,草,grass
1184280,くださる,,(respectful) to give
1592270,くび,首,neck
1173100,くも,雲,cloud
1483540,くらべる,比べる,to compare
1269130,くれる,呉れる,to give
1514960,くれる,暮れる,"to get dark,to come to an end"
1247260,くん,君,suffix for familiar young male
1533820,け,毛,hair or fur
1252090,けいかく,計画,to plan
1251270,けいけん,経験,to experience
1251320,けいざい,経済,"finance,economy"
1252390,けいさつ,警察,police
1047860,ケーキ,,cake
1200220,けが,怪我,to injure
1250870,けしき,景色,"scene,landscape"
1350080,けしゴム,消しゴム,eraser
1185290,げしゅく,下宿,lodging
1254130,けっして,決して,never
2853889,けれど,,however
2853889,けれども,,however
1261190,げんいん,原因,"cause,source"
1257040,けんか,喧嘩,to quarrel
1258520,けんきゅう,研究,research
1258570,けんきゅうしつ,研究室,"study room,laboratory"
1260000,けんぶつ,見物,sightseeing
1307770,こ,子,child
1004310,こう,斯う,this way
1282490,こうがい,郊外,outskirts
1282260,こうぎ,講義,lecture
1278040,こうぎょう,工業,the manufacturing industry
1283500,こうこう,高校,high school
1283510,こうこうせい,高校生,high school student
1578700,こうじょう,工場,factory
1279590,こうちょう,校長,headmaster
1272280,こうつう,交通,"traffic,transportation"
1282340,こうどう,講堂,auditorium
1283860,こうとうがっこう,高等学校,high school
1274820,こうむいん,公務員,government worker
1286400,こくさい,国際,international
1360480,こころ,心,"core,heart"
1270390,ごしゅじん,御主人,(honorable) your husband
1267180,こしょう,故障,to break-down
1593570,ごぞんじ,ご存じ,"knowing,acquaintance"
1449530,こたえ,答,response
1593590,ごちそう,,a feast
2524270,こと,,"thing,matter"
1348530,ことり,小鳥,small bird
1004690,このあいだ,,"the other day,recently"
1004710,このごろ,,"these days,nowadays"
1295530,こまかい,細かい,"small, fine"
1369900,ごみ,塵,rubbish
1593410,こむ,込む,to be crowded
1508750,こめ,米,uncooked rice
2217040,ごらんになる,,(respectful) to see
1004790,これから,,after this
1593480,こわい,怖い,frightening
1199890,こわす,壊す,to break
1199900,こわれる,壊れる,to be broken
1051970,コンサート,,concert
1289370,こんど,今度,"now,next time"
1053350,コンピュータ,,computer
1053350,コンピューター,,computer
1289520,こんや,今夜,tonight
1293780,さいきん,最近,"latest,nowadays"
1293810,さいご,最後,"last,end"
1293990,さいしょ,最初,"beginning,first"
1297110,さか,坂,"slope,hill"
1593670,さがす,探す,to look for
1184160,さがる,下る,"to get down,to descend"
1379750,さかん,盛ん,"popularity,prosperous"
1184170,さげる,下げる,"to hang,to lower,to move back"
1291270,さしあげる,差し上げる,(polite) to give
1005180,さっき,先,some time ago
1579720,さびしい,寂しい,lonely
1293640,さらいげつ,さ来月,the month after next
1293650,さらいしゅう,さ来週,the week after next
1057850,サラダ,,salad
1403040,さわぐ,騒ぐ,"to make noise,to be excited"
1357980,さわる,触る,to touch
1303770,さんぎょう,産業,industry
1058480,サンダル,,sandal
1058580,サンドイッチ,,sandwich
1304680,ざんねん,残念,disappointment
1308090,し,市,city
1315130,じ,字,character
1312420,しあい,試合,"match,game"
1594110,しかた,仕方,method
1394730,しかる,然る,a particular
1312350,しけん,試験,examination
1313850,じこ,事故,accident
1421210,じしん,地震,earthquake
1316300,じだい,時代,era
1185930,したぎ,下着,underwear
1310260,したく,支度,to prepare
1594400,しっかり,,"firmly,steadily"
1320140,しっぱい,失敗,"failure,mistake"
1595270,じてん,辞典,dictionary
1490670,しなもの,品物,goods
1304420,しばらく,,little while
1446760,しま,島,island
1308690,しみん,市民,citizen
1314400,じむしょ,事務所,office
1322700,しゃかい,社会,"society,public"
1322920,しゃちょう,社長,company president
1323500,じゃま,,"hindrance,intrusion"
1065680,ジャム,,jam
1318720,じゆう,自由,freedom
1333090,しゅうかん,習慣,"custom,manners"
1334080,じゅうしょ,住所,"an address,a residence"
1335440,じゅうどう,柔道,judo
1335080,じゅうぶん,十分,enough
1339460,しゅっせき,出席,to attend
1340000,しゅっぱつ,出発,to depart
1329000,しゅみ,趣味,hobby
1341670,じゅんび,準備,to prepare
1351430,しょうかい,紹介,introduction
1347870,しょうがっこう,小学校,elementary school
1348430,しょうせつ,小説,novel
1349610,しょうたい,招待,to invite
1349480,しょうち,承知,to consent
1347710,しょうらい,将来,"future,prospects"
1358490,しょくじ,食事,to have a meal
1358680,しょくりょうひん,食料品,groceries
1345250,じょせい,女性,woman
1420410,しらせる,知らせる,to notify
1429060,しらべる,調べる,to investigate
1367300,じんこう,人口,population
1364670,じんじゃ,神社,Shinto shrine
1365250,しんせつ,親切,kindness
1360930,しんぱい,心配,to worry
1362400,しんぶんしゃ,新聞社,newspaper company
1371320,すいえい,水泳,swimming
1371920,すいどう,水道,water supply
1372800,ずいぶん,,extremely
1372980,すうがく,数学,"mathematics,arithmetic"
1066680,スーツ,,suit
1066690,スーツケース,,suitcase
1195970,すぎる,過ぎる,to exceed
1586265,すく,空く,to become empty
1068550,スクリーン,,screen
1374550,すごい,凄い,terrific
1365980,すすむ,進む,to make progress
1006110,すっかり,,completely
1006140,すっと,,"straight,all of a sudden"
1070280,ステーキ,,steak
1322320,すてる,捨てる,to throw away
1070650,ステレオ,,stereo
1291500,すな,砂,sand
1397300,すばらしい,,wonderful
1208640,すべる,滑る,"to slide,to slip"
1246440,すみ,隅,"corner,nook"
1295070,すむ,済む,to finish
1567450,すり,掏摸,pickpocket
1006280,すると,,then
1378860,せいかつ,生活,to live
1378990,せいさん,生産,to produce
1375970,せいじ,政治,"politics,government"
1381100,せいよう,西洋,western countries
1373860,せかい,世界,the world
1382250,せき,席,seat
1386460,せつめい,説明,explanation
1472800,せなか,背中,back of the body
1374530,ぜひ,,without fail
1374300,せわ,世話,to look after
1391780,せん,線,line
1395620,ぜんぜん,全然,not entirely (used in a negative sentence)
1390360,せんそう,戦争,war
1388410,せんぱい,先輩,senior
1006610,そう,,really
1401210,そうだん,相談,to discuss
1160570,そだてる,育てる,"to rear,to bring up"
1405890,そつぎょう,卒業,graduation
1396840,そふ,祖父,grandfather
1075500,ソフト,,soft
1396860,そぼ,祖母,grandmother
1007000,それで,,because of that
1007040,それに,,moreover
1007060,それほど,,to that extent
1345605,そろそろ,,"gradually,soon"
1007130,そんな,,that sort of
2008740,そんなに,,"so much,like that"
1411300,たいいん,退院,to leave hospital
1413260,だいがくせい,大学生,university student
1413940,だいじ,大事,"important,valuable,serious matter"
1414470,だいたい,大体,generally
1414580,たいてい,大抵,usually
1075940,タイプ,,"type,style"
1414920,だいぶ,大分,greatly
1596780,たいふう,台風,typhoon
1445790,たおれる,倒れる,to break down
1007310,だから,,"so,therefore"
1596930,たしか,確か,definite
1404700,たす,足す,to add a number
1518070,たずねる,訪ねる,to visit
1369940,たずねる,尋ねる,to ask
1376600,ただしい,正しい,correct
1356750,たたみ,畳,Japanese straw mat
1551530,たてる,立てる,to stand something up
1257330,たてる,建てる,to build
1556370,たとえば,例えば,for example
1416700,たな,棚,shelves
1207250,たのしみ,楽しみ,joy
1207270,たのしむ,楽む,to enjoy oneself
1634500,たまに,,occasionally
1157080,ため,為,in order to
1409110,だめ,,no good
1404740,たりる,足りる,to be enough
1420160,だんせい,男性,male
1419860,だんぼう,暖房,heating
1255060,ち,血,blood
1077550,チェック,,to check
1554820,ちから,力,"strength,power"
1007560,ちっとも,,not at all (used with a negative verb)
1007660,ちゃん,,suffix for familiar female person
1426530,ちゅうい,注意,caution
1423650,ちゅうがっこう,中学校,"junior high school,middle school"
1426590,ちゅうしゃ,注射,injection
1426920,ちゅうしゃじょう,駐車場,parking lot
1421540,ちり,地理,geography
1597780,つかまえる,捕まえる,to seize
1255430,つき,月,moon
1495740,つく,付く,to be attached
1433680,つける,漬ける,"to soak,to pickle"
1444980,つごう,都合,"circumstances,convenience"
1441870,つたえる,伝える,to report
1405790,つづく,続く,to be continued
1405800,つづける,続ける,to continue
1584060,つつむ,包む,to wrap
1294330,つま,妻,(humble) wife
1382980,つもり,積もり,intention
1434120,つる,釣る,to fish
1559290,つれる,連れる,to lead
1427360,ていねい,丁寧,polite
1079290,テキスト,,"text,text book"
1437450,てきとう,適当,suitability
1340460,できるだけ,,as much as possible
1328190,てつだう,手伝う,to assist
1080000,テニス,,tennis
1328090,てぶくろ,手袋,glove
1315240,てら,寺,temple
1441390,てん,点,"point,dot"
1440670,てんいん,店員,shop assistant
1438770,てんきよほう,天気予報,weather forecast
1443660,でんとう,電灯,electric light
1443760,でんぽう,電報,telegram
1440660,てんらんかい,展覧会,exhibition
1621470,と,都,metropolitan
1454180,どうぐ,道具,"tool,means"
1449890,とうとう,到頭,"finally, after all"
1451490,どうぶつえん,動物園,zoo
1177820,とおく,遠く,distant
1433030,とおる,通る,to go through
1454670,とくに,特に,"particularly,especially"
1455280,とくべつ,特別,special
1349410,とこや,,barber
1582200,とちゅう,途中,on the way
1454750,とっきゅう,特急,limited express train (faster than an express train)
1457210,とどける,届ける,to reach
1474850,とまる,泊まる,to lodge at
1310670,とめる,止める,to stop something
1326830,とりかえる,取り替える,to exchange
1599340,どろぼう,泥棒,thief
1009320,どんどん,,more and more
1599390,なおす,直す,"to fix,to repair"
2846390,なおる,直る,"to be fixed,to be repaired"
1599400,なおる,治る,"to be cured,to heal"
1599420,なかなか,中々,considerably
1229840,なく,泣く,to weep
1529550,なくなる,無くなる,"to disappear,to get lost"
1518540,なくなる,亡くなる,to die
1447000,なげる,投げる,to throw or cast away
1157090,なさる,,(respectful) to do
1532910,なる,鳴る,to sound
1375620,なるべく,,as much as possible
1375820,なるほど,,now I understand
1212670,なれる,慣れる,to grow accustomed to
1599760,におい,,a smell
1244310,にがい,苦い,bitter
1599800,にかいだて,二階建て,two storied
1450330,にげる,逃げる,to escape
1463930,にっき,日記,journal
1465720,にゅういん,入院,to hospitalise
1465850,にゅうがく,入学,to enter school or university
1314600,にる,似る,to be similar
1367120,にんぎょう,人形,"doll, figure"
1448440,ぬすむ,盗む,to steal
1444270,ぬる,塗る,"to paint,to plaster"
1467620,ぬれる,,to get wet
1600160,ねだん,,price
1467710,ねつ,熱,fever
1467910,ねっしん,,enthusiasm
1360320,ねぼう,寝坊,sleeping in late
1529330,ねむい,眠い,sleepy
1529390,ねむる,眠る,to sleep
1304510,のこる,残る,to remain
1600280,のど,喉,throat
1600470,のりかえる,乗り換える,to change between buses or trains
1600530,のりもの,乗り物,vehicle
1546550,は,葉,leaf
1355810,ばあい,場合,situation
1100810,パート,,part time
1473230,ばい,倍,double
1472270,はいけん,拝見,(humble) to look at
1313080,はいしゃ,歯医者,dentist
1172660,はこぶ,運ぶ,to transport
1307550,はじめる,始める,to begin
1355850,ばしょ,場所,location
1476430,はず,筈,it should be so
1421630,はずかしい,恥ずかしい,embarrassed
1101570,パソコン,,personal computer
1477170,はつおん,発音,pronunciation
1010150,はっきり,,clearly
1194660,はなみ,花見,cherry-blossom viewing
1555440,はやし,林,"woods,forester"
1501620,はらう,払う,to pay
1482340,ばんぐみ,番組,television or radio program
1480670,はんたい,反対,opposition
1096770,ハンドバッグ,,handbag　
1463770,ひ,日,"day, sun"
1193610,ひ,火,fire
1106400,ピアノ,,piano
1556630,ひえる,冷える,to grow cold
1272780,ひかり,光,light
1272820,ひかる,光る,"to shine,to glitter"
1601650,ひきだし,引き出し,"drawer,drawing out"
1601660,ひきだす,引き出す,to withdraw
1601810,ひげ,髭,beard
1485520,ひこうじょう,飛行場,airport
1227370,ひさしぶり,久しぶり,after a long time
1486460,びじゅつかん,美術館,art gallery
1484930,ひじょうに,非常に,extremely
1226360,びっくり,,to be surprised
1169340,ひっこす,引っ越す,to move house
1487660,ひつよう,必要,necessary
1602060,ひどい,,awful
1202440,ひらく,開く,to open an event
1106010,ビル,,building or bill
1581710,ひるま,昼間,"daytime,during the day"
1426290,ひるやすみ,昼休み,noon break
1332570,ひろう,拾う,"to pick up,to gather"
1108180,ファックス,,fax
1602440,ふえる,増える,to increase
1362640,ふかい,深い,deep
1501350,ふくざつ,複雑,"complexity,complication"
1500800,ふくしゅう,復習,revision
1499460,ぶちょう,部長,head of a section
1497190,ふつう,普通,"usually, or a train that stops at every station"
1499230,ぶどう,葡萄,grapes
1408220,ふとる,太る,to become fat
1496890,ふとん,布団,"Japanese bedding, futon"
1602800,ふね,舟,ship
1494860,ふべん,不便,inconvenience
1450270,ふむ,踏む,to step on
1282770,ふりだす,降り出す,to start to rain
1116840,プレゼント,,present
1505120,ぶんか,文化,culture
1505190,ぶんがく,文学,literature
1505600,ぶんぽう,文法,grammar
1509430,べつ,別,different
1120010,ベル,,bell
1510640,へん,変,strange
1512220,へんじ,返事,reply
1520120,ぼうえき,貿易,trade
1516750,ほうそう,放送,to broadcast
1517480,ほうりつ,法律,law
1521400,ぼく,僕,I (used by males)
1376310,ほし,星,star
1436510,ほど,程,extent
1522050,ほとんど,,mostly
1603550,ほめる,,to praise
1523400,ほんやく,翻訳,translation
1302070,まいる,参る,"(humble) to go,to come"
1497980,まける,負ける,to lose
1364360,まじめ,,serious
1387240,まず,先ず,first of all
1524990,または,,"or,otherwise"
1215330,まちがえる,間違える,to make a mistake
1215260,まにあう,間に合う,to be in time for
1604290,まわり,周り,surroundings
1604300,まわる,回る,to go around
1526920,まんが,漫画,comic
1604350,まんなか,真ん中,middle
1259140,みえる,見える,to be in sight
1267280,みずうみ,湖,lake
1527040,みそ,味噌,bean paste
1604550,みつかる,見つかる,to be discovered
1604570,みつける,見つける,to discover
1202150,みな,皆,everybody
1279990,みなと,港,harbour
1604800,むかう,向かう,to face
1253190,むかえる,迎える,to go out to meet
1382370,むかし,昔,"olden days, former"
1426680,むし,虫,insect
1404390,むすこ,息子,(humble) son
1531190,むすめ,娘,(humble) daughter
1530970,むり,無理,impossible
1346370,めしあがる,召し上がる,(polite) to eat
1431850,めずらしい,珍しい,rare
1362950,もうしあげる,申し上げる,"(humble) to say,to tell"
1363090,もうす,申す,"(humble) to be called,to say"
2015610,もうすぐ,,soon
2607730,もし,,if
1535780,もちろん,,of course
1293700,もっとも,最も,extremely
1535880,もどる,戻る,to turn back
1534870,もめん,木綿,cotton
1535910,もらう,,to receive
1362490,もり,森,forest
1350600,やく,焼く,"to bake,to grill"
1538130,やくそく,約束,promise
1537980,やくにたつ,役に立つ,to be helpful
1350610,やける,焼ける,"to burn,to be roasted"
1539040,やさしい,優しい,kind
1605510,やせる,痩せる,to become thin
1012800,やっと,,at last
2772770,やはり,,"as I thought,absolutely"
1012810,やっぱり,,"as I thought,absolutely"
1310640,やむ,止む,to stop
1310680,やめる,止める,to stop
1605630,やわらかい,柔らかい,soft
1448580,ゆ,湯,hot water
1538820,ゆしゅつ,輸出,to export
1538870,ゆにゅう,輸入,to import
1309650,ゆび,指,finger
1310050,ゆびわ,指輪,finger ring
1529410,ゆめ,夢,dream
1545710,ゆれる,揺れる,"to shake,to sway"
1546200,よう,用,use
1546220,ようい,用意,preparation
1546300,ようじ,用事,things to do
1179005,よごれる,汚れる,to get dirty
1543070,よしゅう,予習,preparation for a lesson
1543240,よてい,予定,arrangement
1543750,よやく,予約,reservation
1219680,よる,寄る,to visit
1218760,よろこぶ,喜ぶ,to be delighted
1224880,よろしい,,"(respectful) OK,all right"
1550140,りゆう,理由,reason
1549660,りよう,利用,utilization
1554010,りょうほう,両方,both sides
1553130,りょかん,旅館,Japanese hotel
1552760,るす,留守,absence
1557290,れいぼう,冷房,air conditioning
1558050,れきし,歴史,history
1145130,レジ,,register
1145990,レポート,,report
1145990,リポート,,report
1559900,れんらく,連絡,contact
1148520,ワープロ,,word processor
1501660,わかす,沸かす,"to boil,to heat"
1606590,わかれる,別れる,to separate
1606680,わく,沸く,"to boil, to grow hot,to get excited"
1538330,わけ,訳,"meaning,reason"
1519230,わすれもの,忘れ物,lost article
1351360,わらう,笑う,"to laugh,to smile"
1606810,わりあい,割合,"rate,ratio,percentage"
1208020,われる,割れる,to break
2005990,およぎかた,泳ぎ方,way of swimming
1 jmdict_seq kana kanji waller_definition
2 2394370 あ Ah
3 2085080 ああ like that
4 1151120 あいさつ to greet
5 1215230 あいだ 間 a space
6 1284430 あう 合う to match
7 1383260 あかちゃん infant
8 1352290 あがる 上る to rise
9 1383310 あかんぼう 赤ん坊 baby
10 1586270 あく 空く to open, to become empty
11 1015220 アクセサリー accessory
12 1352320 あげる to give
13 1390800 あさい 浅い shallow,superficial
14 1526960 あじ 味 flavour
15 1015840 アジア Asia
16 1584660 あす 明日 tomorrow
17 1542070 あそび 遊び play
18 1333550 あつまる 集る to gather
19 1333560 あつめる 集める to collect something
20 1017330 アナウンサー announcer
21 1929050 アフリカ Africa
22 1149830 アメリカ America
23 1323010 あやまる 謝る to apologize
24 1019280 アルコール alcohol
25 1019420 アルバイト part-time job
26 1153890 あんしん 安心 relief
27 1153930 あんぜん 安全 safety
28 1000590 あんな such
29 1154860 あんない 案内 to guide
30 1155060 いか 以下 less than
31 1155090 いがい 以外 with the exception of
32 1159810 いがく 医学 medical science
33 1378520 いきる 生きる to live
34 1156530 いけん 意見 opinion
35 1382440 いし 石 stone
36 1195140 いじめる to tease
37 1155120 いじょう 以上 more than,this is all
38 1228650 いそぐ 急ぐ to hurry
39 1421900 いたす 致す (humble) to do
40 1587290 いただく (humble) to receive
41 1576250 いちど 一度 once
42 1164010 いっしょうけんめい 一生懸命 with utmost effort
43 1165670 いっぱい 一杯 full
44 1311450 いと 糸 thread
45 1155180 いない 以内 within
46 1442750 いなか 田舎 countryside
47 1222770 いのる 祈る to pray
48 1000940 いらっしゃる (respectful) to be,to come or to go
49 1357250 うえる 植える to plant,to grow
50 1305700 うかがう 伺う to visit
51 1588060 うけつけ 受付 receipt
52 1329590 うける 受ける to take a lesson or test
53 1451210 うごく 動く to move
54 1172400 うそ 嘘 a lie
55 1457730 うち 内 within
56 1408810 うつ 打つ to hit
57 1486360 うつくしい 美しい beautiful
58 1588320 うつす 写す to copy or photograph
59 1158210 うつる 移る to move house or transfer
60 1562850 うで 腕 arm
61 1310460 うまい 上手い delicious
62 1550190 うら 裏 reverse side
63 1588550 うりば 売り場 place where things are sold
64 1219510 うれしい glad
65 1001090 うん (informal) yes
66 1172830 うんてん 運転 to drive
67 1172870 うんてんしゅ 運転手 driver
68 1172910 うんどう 運動 to exercise
69 1028580 エスカレーター escalator
70 1310530 えだ 枝 branch, twig
71 1588730 えらぶ 選ぶ to choose
72 1178450 えんりょ 遠慮 to be reserved, to be restrained
73 1001180 おいでになる (respectful) to be
74 1612770 おいわい お祝い congratulation
75 1032030 オートバイ motorcycle
76 1001640 おかげ owing to
77 1190860 おかしい strange or funny
78 1182620 おく 億 one hundred million
79 1182710 おくじょう 屋上 rooftop
80 1589030 おくりもの 贈り物 gift
81 1402730 おくる 送る to send
82 1589040 おくれる 遅れる to be late
83 1223660 おこす 起す to wake
84 1589060 おこなう 行う to do
85 1445690 おこる 怒る to get angry,to be angry
86 1589110 おしいれ 押し入れ closet
87 1002170 おじょうさん お嬢さん young lady
88 1002400 おたく お宅 (polite) your house
89 1548550 おちる 落る to fall or drop
90 1238840 おっしゃる (respectful) to say
91 1496480 おっと 夫 husband
92 1270550 おつり change from purchase, balance
93 1576900 おと 音 sound,note
94 1589260 おとす 落す to drop
95 1546880 おどり 踊り a dance
96 1538440 おどる 踊る to dance
97 1238680 おどろく 驚く to be surprised
98 1604135 おまつり お祭り festival
99 1001870 おみまい お見舞い calling on someone who is ill,enquiry
100 1002500 おみやげ お土産 souvenir
101 1309260 おもいだす 思い出す to remember
102 1589350 おもう 思う to think,to feel
103 1217070 おもちゃ toy
104 1489340 おもて 表 the front
105 1365040 おや 親 parents
106 1589500 おりる 下りる to get off
107 1385910 おる 折る to break or to fold
108 1270810 おれい お礼 expression of gratitude
109 1385920 おれる 折れる to break or be folded
110 1589590 おわり 終わり the end
111 1036290 カーテン curtain
112 1201280 かいがん 海岸 coast
113 1198360 かいぎ 会議 meeting
114 1198380 かいぎしつ 会議室 meeting room
115 1198660 かいじょう 会場 assembly hall or meeting place
116 1198880 かいわ 会話 conversation
117 1221250 かえり 帰り return
118 1510650 かえる 変える to change
119 1192700 かがく 科学 science
120 1238550 かがみ 鏡 mirror
121 1357210 かざる 飾る to decorate
122 1193950 かじ 火事 fire
123 1040060 ガス petrol
124 1040250 ガソリン petrol
125 1040260 ガソリンスタンド petrol station
126 1257110 かたい 堅い hard
127 1257110 かたい 硬い hard
128 1257110 かたい 固い hard
129 1250220 かたち 形 shape
130 1511790 かたづける 片付ける to tidy up
131 1195840 かちょう 課長 section manager
132 1346150 かつ 勝つ to win
133 1590480 かっこう 格好 appearance
134 1192420 かない 家内 housewife
135 1483190 かなしい 悲しい sad
136 1487400 かならず 必ず certainly,necessarily
137 2429350 おかねもち お金持ち rich man
138 1242970 かねもち 金持ち rich man
139 1483150 かのじょ 彼女 she,girlfriend
140 1509290 かべ 壁 wall
141 1279680 かまう to mind
142 1477950 かみ 髪 hair
143 1209240 かむ 噛む to bite,to chew
144 1432850 かよう 通う to commute
145 1040380 ガラス a glass pane
146 1483070 かれ 彼 he,boyfriend
147 1483090 かれら 彼ら they
148 1209650 かわく 乾く to get dry
149 1590770 かわり 代わり substitute,alternate
150 1510790 かわる 変わる to change
151 1281020 かんがえる 考える to consider
152 1215810 かんけい 関係 relationship
153 1213870 かんごふ 看護婦 female nurse
154 1214330 かんたん 簡単 simple
155 1221520 き 気 spirit,mood
156 1220800 きかい 機会 opportunity
157 1218560 きけん 危険 danger
158 1591150 きこえる 聞こえる to be heard
159 1222700 きしゃ 汽車 steam train
160 1225130 ぎじゅつ 技術 art,technology,skill
161 1222840 きせつ 季節 season
162 1223021 きそく 規則 regulations
163 1003430 きっと surely
164 1258710 きぬ 絹 silk
165 1262530 きびしい 厳しい strict
166 1222590 きぶん 気分 mood
167 1591420 きまる 決る to be decided
168 1247250 きみ 君 (informal) You (used by men towards women)
169 1254180 きめる 決める to decide
170 1591430 きもち 気持ち feeling,mood
171 1423240 きもの 着物 kimono
172 1226630 きゃく 客 guest,customer
173 1228560 きゅう 急 urgent, steep
174 1228690 きゅうこう 急行 speedy, express
175 1236950 きょういく 教育 education
176 1237030 きょうかい 教会 church
177 1234140 きょうそう 競争 competition
178 1238410 きょうみ 興味 an interest
179 1242350 きんじょ 近所 neighbourhood
180 1592500 ぐあい 具合 condition,health
181 1245470 くうき 空気 air,atmosphere
182 1245570 くうこう 空港 airport
183 1401910 くさ 草 grass
184 1184280 くださる (respectful) to give
185 1592270 くび 首 neck
186 1173100 くも 雲 cloud
187 1483540 くらべる 比べる to compare
188 1269130 くれる 呉れる to give
189 1514960 くれる 暮れる to get dark,to come to an end
190 1247260 くん 君 suffix for familiar young male
191 1533820 け 毛 hair or fur
192 1252090 けいかく 計画 to plan
193 1251270 けいけん 経験 to experience
194 1251320 けいざい 経済 finance,economy
195 1252390 けいさつ 警察 police
196 1047860 ケーキ cake
197 1200220 けが 怪我 to injure
198 1250870 けしき 景色 scene,landscape
199 1350080 けしゴム 消しゴム eraser
200 1185290 げしゅく 下宿 lodging
201 1254130 けっして 決して never
202 2853889 けれど however
203 2853889 けれども however
204 1261190 げんいん 原因 cause,source
205 1257040 けんか 喧嘩 to quarrel
206 1258520 けんきゅう 研究 research
207 1258570 けんきゅうしつ 研究室 study room,laboratory
208 1260000 けんぶつ 見物 sightseeing
209 1307770 こ 子 child
210 1004310 こう 斯う this way
211 1282490 こうがい 郊外 outskirts
212 1282260 こうぎ 講義 lecture
213 1278040 こうぎょう 工業 the manufacturing industry
214 1283500 こうこう 高校 high school
215 1283510 こうこうせい 高校生 high school student
216 1578700 こうじょう 工場 factory
217 1279590 こうちょう 校長 headmaster
218 1272280 こうつう 交通 traffic,transportation
219 1282340 こうどう 講堂 auditorium
220 1283860 こうとうがっこう 高等学校 high school
221 1274820 こうむいん 公務員 government worker
222 1286400 こくさい 国際 international
223 1360480 こころ 心 core,heart
224 1270390 ごしゅじん 御主人 (honorable) your husband
225 1267180 こしょう 故障 to break-down
226 1593570 ごぞんじ ご存じ knowing,acquaintance
227 1449530 こたえ 答 response
228 1593590 ごちそう a feast
229 2524270 こと thing,matter
230 1348530 ことり 小鳥 small bird
231 1004690 このあいだ the other day,recently
232 1004710 このごろ these days,nowadays
233 1295530 こまかい 細かい small, fine
234 1369900 ごみ 塵 rubbish
235 1593410 こむ 込む to be crowded
236 1508750 こめ 米 uncooked rice
237 2217040 ごらんになる (respectful) to see
238 1004790 これから after this
239 1593480 こわい 怖い frightening
240 1199890 こわす 壊す to break
241 1199900 こわれる 壊れる to be broken
242 1051970 コンサート concert
243 1289370 こんど 今度 now,next time
244 1053350 コンピュータ computer
245 1053350 コンピューター computer
246 1289520 こんや 今夜 tonight
247 1293780 さいきん 最近 latest,nowadays
248 1293810 さいご 最後 last,end
249 1293990 さいしょ 最初 beginning,first
250 1297110 さか 坂 slope,hill
251 1593670 さがす 探す to look for
252 1184160 さがる 下る to get down,to descend
253 1379750 さかん 盛ん popularity,prosperous
254 1184170 さげる 下げる to hang,to lower,to move back
255 1291270 さしあげる 差し上げる (polite) to give
256 1005180 さっき 先 some time ago
257 1579720 さびしい 寂しい lonely
258 1293640 さらいげつ さ来月 the month after next
259 1293650 さらいしゅう さ来週 the week after next
260 1057850 サラダ salad
261 1403040 さわぐ 騒ぐ to make noise,to be excited
262 1357980 さわる 触る to touch
263 1303770 さんぎょう 産業 industry
264 1058480 サンダル sandal
265 1058580 サンドイッチ sandwich
266 1304680 ざんねん 残念 disappointment
267 1308090 し 市 city
268 1315130 じ 字 character
269 1312420 しあい 試合 match,game
270 1594110 しかた 仕方 method
271 1394730 しかる 然る a particular
272 1312350 しけん 試験 examination
273 1313850 じこ 事故 accident
274 1421210 じしん 地震 earthquake
275 1316300 じだい 時代 era
276 1185930 したぎ 下着 underwear
277 1310260 したく 支度 to prepare
278 1594400 しっかり firmly,steadily
279 1320140 しっぱい 失敗 failure,mistake
280 1595270 じてん 辞典 dictionary
281 1490670 しなもの 品物 goods
282 1304420 しばらく little while
283 1446760 しま 島 island
284 1308690 しみん 市民 citizen
285 1314400 じむしょ 事務所 office
286 1322700 しゃかい 社会 society,public
287 1322920 しゃちょう 社長 company president
288 1323500 じゃま hindrance,intrusion
289 1065680 ジャム jam
290 1318720 じゆう 自由 freedom
291 1333090 しゅうかん 習慣 custom,manners
292 1334080 じゅうしょ 住所 an address,a residence
293 1335440 じゅうどう 柔道 judo
294 1335080 じゅうぶん 十分 enough
295 1339460 しゅっせき 出席 to attend
296 1340000 しゅっぱつ 出発 to depart
297 1329000 しゅみ 趣味 hobby
298 1341670 じゅんび 準備 to prepare
299 1351430 しょうかい 紹介 introduction
300 1347870 しょうがっこう 小学校 elementary school
301 1348430 しょうせつ 小説 novel
302 1349610 しょうたい 招待 to invite
303 1349480 しょうち 承知 to consent
304 1347710 しょうらい 将来 future,prospects
305 1358490 しょくじ 食事 to have a meal
306 1358680 しょくりょうひん 食料品 groceries
307 1345250 じょせい 女性 woman
308 1420410 しらせる 知らせる to notify
309 1429060 しらべる 調べる to investigate
310 1367300 じんこう 人口 population
311 1364670 じんじゃ 神社 Shinto shrine
312 1365250 しんせつ 親切 kindness
313 1360930 しんぱい 心配 to worry
314 1362400 しんぶんしゃ 新聞社 newspaper company
315 1371320 すいえい 水泳 swimming
316 1371920 すいどう 水道 water supply
317 1372800 ずいぶん extremely
318 1372980 すうがく 数学 mathematics,arithmetic
319 1066680 スーツ suit
320 1066690 スーツケース suitcase
321 1195970 すぎる 過ぎる to exceed
322 1586265 すく 空く to become empty
323 1068550 スクリーン screen
324 1374550 すごい 凄い terrific
325 1365980 すすむ 進む to make progress
326 1006110 すっかり completely
327 1006140 すっと straight,all of a sudden
328 1070280 ステーキ steak
329 1322320 すてる 捨てる to throw away
330 1070650 ステレオ stereo
331 1291500 すな 砂 sand
332 1397300 すばらしい wonderful
333 1208640 すべる 滑る to slide,to slip
334 1246440 すみ 隅 corner,nook
335 1295070 すむ 済む to finish
336 1567450 すり 掏摸 pickpocket
337 1006280 すると then
338 1378860 せいかつ 生活 to live
339 1378990 せいさん 生産 to produce
340 1375970 せいじ 政治 politics,government
341 1381100 せいよう 西洋 western countries
342 1373860 せかい 世界 the world
343 1382250 せき 席 seat
344 1386460 せつめい 説明 explanation
345 1472800 せなか 背中 back of the body
346 1374530 ぜひ without fail
347 1374300 せわ 世話 to look after
348 1391780 せん 線 line
349 1395620 ぜんぜん 全然 not entirely (used in a negative sentence)
350 1390360 せんそう 戦争 war
351 1388410 せんぱい 先輩 senior
352 1006610 そう really
353 1401210 そうだん 相談 to discuss
354 1160570 そだてる 育てる to rear,to bring up
355 1405890 そつぎょう 卒業 graduation
356 1396840 そふ 祖父 grandfather
357 1075500 ソフト soft
358 1396860 そぼ 祖母 grandmother
359 1007000 それで because of that
360 1007040 それに moreover
361 1007060 それほど to that extent
362 1345605 そろそろ gradually,soon
363 1007130 そんな that sort of
364 2008740 そんなに so much,like that
365 1411300 たいいん 退院 to leave hospital
366 1413260 だいがくせい 大学生 university student
367 1413940 だいじ 大事 important,valuable,serious matter
368 1414470 だいたい 大体 generally
369 1414580 たいてい 大抵 usually
370 1075940 タイプ type,style
371 1414920 だいぶ 大分 greatly
372 1596780 たいふう 台風 typhoon
373 1445790 たおれる 倒れる to break down
374 1007310 だから so,therefore
375 1596930 たしか 確か definite
376 1404700 たす 足す to add a number
377 1518070 たずねる 訪ねる to visit
378 1369940 たずねる 尋ねる to ask
379 1376600 ただしい 正しい correct
380 1356750 たたみ 畳 Japanese straw mat
381 1551530 たてる 立てる to stand something up
382 1257330 たてる 建てる to build
383 1556370 たとえば 例えば for example
384 1416700 たな 棚 shelves
385 1207250 たのしみ 楽しみ joy
386 1207270 たのしむ 楽む to enjoy oneself
387 1634500 たまに occasionally
388 1157080 ため 為 in order to
389 1409110 だめ no good
390 1404740 たりる 足りる to be enough
391 1420160 だんせい 男性 male
392 1419860 だんぼう 暖房 heating
393 1255060 ち 血 blood
394 1077550 チェック to check
395 1554820 ちから 力 strength,power
396 1007560 ちっとも not at all (used with a negative verb)
397 1007660 ちゃん suffix for familiar female person
398 1426530 ちゅうい 注意 caution
399 1423650 ちゅうがっこう 中学校 junior high school,middle school
400 1426590 ちゅうしゃ 注射 injection
401 1426920 ちゅうしゃじょう 駐車場 parking lot
402 1421540 ちり 地理 geography
403 1597780 つかまえる 捕まえる to seize
404 1255430 つき 月 moon
405 1495740 つく 付く to be attached
406 1433680 つける 漬ける to soak,to pickle
407 1444980 つごう 都合 circumstances,convenience
408 1441870 つたえる 伝える to report
409 1405790 つづく 続く to be continued
410 1405800 つづける 続ける to continue
411 1584060 つつむ 包む to wrap
412 1294330 つま 妻 (humble) wife
413 1382980 つもり 積もり intention
414 1434120 つる 釣る to fish
415 1559290 つれる 連れる to lead
416 1427360 ていねい 丁寧 polite
417 1079290 テキスト text,text book
418 1437450 てきとう 適当 suitability
419 1340460 できるだけ as much as possible
420 1328190 てつだう 手伝う to assist
421 1080000 テニス tennis
422 1328090 てぶくろ 手袋 glove
423 1315240 てら 寺 temple
424 1441390 てん 点 point,dot
425 1440670 てんいん 店員 shop assistant
426 1438770 てんきよほう 天気予報 weather forecast
427 1443660 でんとう 電灯 electric light
428 1443760 でんぽう 電報 telegram
429 1440660 てんらんかい 展覧会 exhibition
430 1621470 と 都 metropolitan
431 1454180 どうぐ 道具 tool,means
432 1449890 とうとう 到頭 finally, after all
433 1451490 どうぶつえん 動物園 zoo
434 1177820 とおく 遠く distant
435 1433030 とおる 通る to go through
436 1454670 とくに 特に particularly,especially
437 1455280 とくべつ 特別 special
438 1349410 とこや barber
439 1582200 とちゅう 途中 on the way
440 1454750 とっきゅう 特急 limited express train (faster than an express train)
441 1457210 とどける 届ける to reach
442 1474850 とまる 泊まる to lodge at
443 1310670 とめる 止める to stop something
444 1326830 とりかえる 取り替える to exchange
445 1599340 どろぼう 泥棒 thief
446 1009320 どんどん more and more
447 1599390 なおす 直す to fix,to repair
448 2846390 なおる 直る to be fixed,to be repaired
449 1599400 なおる 治る to be cured,to heal
450 1599420 なかなか 中々 considerably
451 1229840 なく 泣く to weep
452 1529550 なくなる 無くなる to disappear,to get lost
453 1518540 なくなる 亡くなる to die
454 1447000 なげる 投げる to throw or cast away
455 1157090 なさる (respectful) to do
456 1532910 なる 鳴る to sound
457 1375620 なるべく as much as possible
458 1375820 なるほど now I understand
459 1212670 なれる 慣れる to grow accustomed to
460 1599760 におい a smell
461 1244310 にがい 苦い bitter
462 1599800 にかいだて 二階建て two storied
463 1450330 にげる 逃げる to escape
464 1463930 にっき 日記 journal
465 1465720 にゅういん 入院 to hospitalise
466 1465850 にゅうがく 入学 to enter school or university
467 1314600 にる 似る to be similar
468 1367120 にんぎょう 人形 doll, figure
469 1448440 ぬすむ 盗む to steal
470 1444270 ぬる 塗る to paint,to plaster
471 1467620 ぬれる to get wet
472 1600160 ねだん price
473 1467710 ねつ 熱 fever
474 1467910 ねっしん enthusiasm
475 1360320 ねぼう 寝坊 sleeping in late
476 1529330 ねむい 眠い sleepy
477 1529390 ねむる 眠る to sleep
478 1304510 のこる 残る to remain
479 1600280 のど 喉 throat
480 1600470 のりかえる 乗り換える to change between buses or trains
481 1600530 のりもの 乗り物 vehicle
482 1546550 は 葉 leaf
483 1355810 ばあい 場合 situation
484 1100810 パート part time
485 1473230 ばい 倍 double
486 1472270 はいけん 拝見 (humble) to look at
487 1313080 はいしゃ 歯医者 dentist
488 1172660 はこぶ 運ぶ to transport
489 1307550 はじめる 始める to begin
490 1355850 ばしょ 場所 location
491 1476430 はず 筈 it should be so
492 1421630 はずかしい 恥ずかしい embarrassed
493 1101570 パソコン personal computer
494 1477170 はつおん 発音 pronunciation
495 1010150 はっきり clearly
496 1194660 はなみ 花見 cherry-blossom viewing
497 1555440 はやし 林 woods,forester
498 1501620 はらう 払う to pay
499 1482340 ばんぐみ 番組 television or radio program
500 1480670 はんたい 反対 opposition
501 1096770 ハンドバッグ handbag　
502 1463770 ひ 日 day, sun
503 1193610 ひ 火 fire
504 1106400 ピアノ piano
505 1556630 ひえる 冷える to grow cold
506 1272780 ひかり 光 light
507 1272820 ひかる 光る to shine,to glitter
508 1601650 ひきだし 引き出し drawer,drawing out
509 1601660 ひきだす 引き出す to withdraw
510 1601810 ひげ 髭 beard
511 1485520 ひこうじょう 飛行場 airport
512 1227370 ひさしぶり 久しぶり after a long time
513 1486460 びじゅつかん 美術館 art gallery
514 1484930 ひじょうに 非常に extremely
515 1226360 びっくり to be surprised
516 1169340 ひっこす 引っ越す to move house
517 1487660 ひつよう 必要 necessary
518 1602060 ひどい awful
519 1202440 ひらく 開く to open an event
520 1106010 ビル building or bill
521 1581710 ひるま 昼間 daytime,during the day
522 1426290 ひるやすみ 昼休み noon break
523 1332570 ひろう 拾う to pick up,to gather
524 1108180 ファックス fax
525 1602440 ふえる 増える to increase
526 1362640 ふかい 深い deep
527 1501350 ふくざつ 複雑 complexity,complication
528 1500800 ふくしゅう 復習 revision
529 1499460 ぶちょう 部長 head of a section
530 1497190 ふつう 普通 usually, or a train that stops at every station
531 1499230 ぶどう 葡萄 grapes
532 1408220 ふとる 太る to become fat
533 1496890 ふとん 布団 Japanese bedding, futon
534 1602800 ふね 舟 ship
535 1494860 ふべん 不便 inconvenience
536 1450270 ふむ 踏む to step on
537 1282770 ふりだす 降り出す to start to rain
538 1116840 プレゼント present
539 1505120 ぶんか 文化 culture
540 1505190 ぶんがく 文学 literature
541 1505600 ぶんぽう 文法 grammar
542 1509430 べつ 別 different
543 1120010 ベル bell
544 1510640 へん 変 strange
545 1512220 へんじ 返事 reply
546 1520120 ぼうえき 貿易 trade
547 1516750 ほうそう 放送 to broadcast
548 1517480 ほうりつ 法律 law
549 1521400 ぼく 僕 I (used by males)
550 1376310 ほし 星 star
551 1436510 ほど 程 extent
552 1522050 ほとんど mostly
553 1603550 ほめる to praise
554 1523400 ほんやく 翻訳 translation
555 1302070 まいる 参る (humble) to go,to come
556 1497980 まける 負ける to lose
557 1364360 まじめ serious
558 1387240 まず 先ず first of all
559 1524990 または or,otherwise
560 1215330 まちがえる 間違える to make a mistake
561 1215260 まにあう 間に合う to be in time for
562 1604290 まわり 周り surroundings
563 1604300 まわる 回る to go around
564 1526920 まんが 漫画 comic
565 1604350 まんなか 真ん中 middle
566 1259140 みえる 見える to be in sight
567 1267280 みずうみ 湖 lake
568 1527040 みそ 味噌 bean paste
569 1604550 みつかる 見つかる to be discovered
570 1604570 みつける 見つける to discover
571 1202150 みな 皆 everybody
572 1279990 みなと 港 harbour
573 1604800 むかう 向かう to face
574 1253190 むかえる 迎える to go out to meet
575 1382370 むかし 昔 olden days, former
576 1426680 むし 虫 insect
577 1404390 むすこ 息子 (humble) son
578 1531190 むすめ 娘 (humble) daughter
579 1530970 むり 無理 impossible
580 1346370 めしあがる 召し上がる (polite) to eat
581 1431850 めずらしい 珍しい rare
582 1362950 もうしあげる 申し上げる (humble) to say,to tell
583 1363090 もうす 申す (humble) to be called,to say
584 2015610 もうすぐ soon
585 2607730 もし if
586 1535780 もちろん of course
587 1293700 もっとも 最も extremely
588 1535880 もどる 戻る to turn back
589 1534870 もめん 木綿 cotton
590 1535910 もらう to receive
591 1362490 もり 森 forest
592 1350600 やく 焼く to bake,to grill
593 1538130 やくそく 約束 promise
594 1537980 やくにたつ 役に立つ to be helpful
595 1350610 やける 焼ける to burn,to be roasted
596 1539040 やさしい 優しい kind
597 1605510 やせる 痩せる to become thin
598 1012800 やっと at last
599 2772770 やはり as I thought,absolutely
600 1012810 やっぱり as I thought,absolutely
601 1310640 やむ 止む to stop
602 1310680 やめる 止める to stop
603 1605630 やわらかい 柔らかい soft
604 1448580 ゆ 湯 hot water
605 1538820 ゆしゅつ 輸出 to export
606 1538870 ゆにゅう 輸入 to import
607 1309650 ゆび 指 finger
608 1310050 ゆびわ 指輪 finger ring
609 1529410 ゆめ 夢 dream
610 1545710 ゆれる 揺れる to shake,to sway
611 1546200 よう 用 use
612 1546220 ようい 用意 preparation
613 1546300 ようじ 用事 things to do
614 1179005 よごれる 汚れる to get dirty
615 1543070 よしゅう 予習 preparation for a lesson
616 1543240 よてい 予定 arrangement
617 1543750 よやく 予約 reservation
618 1219680 よる 寄る to visit
619 1218760 よろこぶ 喜ぶ to be delighted
620 1224880 よろしい (respectful) OK,all right
621 1550140 りゆう 理由 reason
622 1549660 りよう 利用 utilization
623 1554010 りょうほう 両方 both sides
624 1553130 りょかん 旅館 Japanese hotel
625 1552760 るす 留守 absence
626 1557290 れいぼう 冷房 air conditioning
627 1558050 れきし 歴史 history
628 1145130 レジ register
629 1145990 レポート report
630 1145990 リポート report
631 1559900 れんらく 連絡 contact
632 1148520 ワープロ word processor
633 1501660 わかす 沸かす to boil,to heat
634 1606590 わかれる 別れる to separate
635 1606680 わく 沸く to boil, to grow hot,to get excited
636 1538330 わけ 訳 meaning,reason
637 1519230 わすれもの 忘れ物 lost article
638 1351360 わらう 笑う to laugh,to smile
639 1606810 わりあい 割合 rate,ratio,percentage
640 1208020 われる 割れる to break
641 2005990 およぎかた 泳ぎ方 way of swimming

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jmdict_seq,kana,kanji,waller_definition
1198180,あう,会う,to meet
1381380,あお,青,blue
1381390,あおい,青い,blue
2013900,あか,赤,red
1383240,あかい,赤い,red
1532350,あかるい,明い,bright
1332650,あき,秋,autumn
1586270,あく,開く,"to open, to become open"
1202450,あける,開ける,to open
1352320,あげる,上げる,to give
1428280,あさ,朝,morning
1586330,あさごはん,朝御飯,breakfast
1584640,あさって,,day after tomorrow
1404630,あし,足,"foot, leg"
1584660,あした,明日,tomorrow
1000320,あそこ,,over there
1542160,あそぶ,遊ぶ,"to play, to make a visit"
1586420,あたたかい,暖かい,warm
1582310,あたま,頭,head
1361490,あたらしい,新しい,new
1483185,あちら,,there
1343460,あつい,暑い,hot
1467720,あつい,熱い,hot to the touch
1275320,あつい,厚い,"kind, deep, thick"
1483185,あっち,,over there
1269320,あと,後,afterwards
1223615,あなた,貴方,you
1249900,あに,兄,(humble) older brother
1307630,あね,姉,(humble) older sister
1000430,あの,,um...
1017760,アパート,,apartment
1547450,あびる,,"to bathe, to shower"
1218380,あぶない,危ない,dangerous
1213400,あまい,甘い,sweet
1584930,あまり,,not very
1171900,あめ,雨,rain
1153520,あめ,飴,candy
1390930,あらう,洗う,to wash
1296400,ある,有る,"to be,to have (used for inanimate objects)"
1514320,あるく,歩く,to walk
2847612,あれ,,that
2820690,いい,,good
1605820,よい,良い,good
1583250,いいえ,,no
1587040,いう,言う,to say
1191730,いえ,家,house
2845606,いかが,,how
1578850,いく,行く,to go
1219960,いくつ,,"how many?,how old?"
1219980,いくら,,how much?
1421700,いけ,池,pond
1159980,いしゃ,医者,medical doctor
1157070,いす,,chair
1519290,いそがしい,忙しい,"busy, irritated"
1432680,いたい,痛い,painful
1160790,いち,一,one
1576260,いちにち,一日,first of the month
1165970,いちばん,,"best, first"
1188760,いつ,何時,when
1268570,いつか,五日,"five days, fifth day"
1163400,いっしょ,一緒,together
1268070,いつつ,五つ,five
1188890,いつも,,always
1258330,いぬ,犬,dog
1288850,いま,今,now
1156800,いみ,意味,meaning
1524590,いもうと,妹,(humble) younger sister
1587610,いや,嫌,unpleasant
1582820,いりぐち,入口,entrance
1577980,いる,居る,"to be, to have (used for people and animals)"
1546640,いる,要る,to need
1465610,いれる,入れる,to put in
1357600,いろ,色,colour
1587850,いろいろ,,various
1352130,うえ,上,on top of
1269410,うしろ,後ろ,behind
1475480,うすい,薄い,"thin,weak"
1193180,うた,歌,song
1588120,うたう,歌う,to sing
1378690,うまれる,生まれる,to be born
1201190,うみ,海,sea
1473950,うる,売る,to sell
1481920,うるさい,煩い,"noisy, annoying"
1580340,うわぎ,上着,jacket
1202270,え,絵,picture
1173720,えいが,映画,movie
1173750,えいがかん,映画館,cinema
1174420,えいご,英語,English language
1001140,ええ,,yes
1175140,えき,駅,station
1030630,エレベーター,,elevator
1178590,えんぴつ,鉛筆,pencil
1486650,おいしい,,delicious
1407460,おおい,多い,many
1588880,おおきい,大きい,big
1412890,おおきな,大きな,big
1414220,おおぜい,大勢,great number of people
1002650,おかあさん,お母さん,(honorable) mother
1001710,おかし,お菓子,"sweets, candy"
1001820,おかね,お金,money
1223640,おきる,起きる,to get up
1421850,おく,置く,to put
1179330,おくさん,奥さん,(honorable) wife
1329015,おさけ,お酒,"alcohol, rice wine"
1299685,おさら,お皿,"plate, dish"
1002320,おじいさん,,"grandfather, male senior citizen"
1236900,おしえる,教える,"to teach, to tell"
2261490,おじさん,,"uncle, middle aged gentleman"
1180470,おす,押す,"to push, to stamp something"
1421970,おそい,遅い,"late, slow"
1002430,おちゃ,お茶,green tea
1002100,おてあらい,お手洗い,bathroom
1002590,おとうさん,お父さん,(honorable) father
1581930,おとうと,弟,younger brother
1419990,おとこ,男,Man
1420010,おとこのこ,男の子,Boy
1576050,おととい,一昨日,day before yesterday
1576060,おととし,一昨年,year before last
1414170,おとな,大人,Adult
1002610,おなか,,stomach
1451750,おなじ,同じ,same
1001830,おにいさん,お兄さん,(honorable) older brother
1001990,おねえさん,お姉さん,(honorable) older sister
1002330,おばあさん,,"grandmother, female senior-citizen"
2261500,おばさん,伯母さん,Aunt
2220600,おふろ,お風呂,Bath
1513065,おべんとう,お弁当,boxed lunch
1206050,おぼえる,覚える,to remember
1002120,おまわりさん,,friendly term for policeman
1335750,おもい,重い,Heavy
1533580,おもしろい,,Interesting
1174340,およぐ,泳ぐ,to swim
1589500,おりる,降りる,"to get off, to descend"
1589600,おわる,終る,to finish
1183720,おんがく,音楽,Music
1344930,おんな,女,Woman
1344970,おんなのこ,女の子,Girl
1203620,がいこく,外国,foreign country
1203650,がいこくじん,外国人,Foreigner
1198550,かいしゃ,会社,Company
1203090,かいだん,階段,Stairs
1589730,かいもの,買い物,Shopping
1473740,かう,買う,to buy
1512130,かえす,返す,to return something
1221270,かえる,帰る,to go back
1207590,かかる,掛かる,to take time or money
1260490,かぎ,鍵,Key
1343950,かく,書く,to write
1206900,がくせい,学生,Student
1207610,かける,掛ける,to call by phone
1301940,かさ,傘,Umbrella
1411160,かす,貸す,to lend
1499720,かぜ,風,Wind
1583720,かぜ,風邪,a cold
1192150,かぞく,家族,Family
1516925,かた,方,"person, way of doing"
1206730,がっこう,学校,School
1037670,カップ,,Cup
1192280,かてい,家庭,Household
1206110,かど,角,a corner
1208910,かばん,鞄,"bag, basket"
1194870,かびん,花瓶,a vase
1311530,かみ,紙,paper
1038350,カメラ,,camera
1194290,かようび,火曜日,Tuesday
1365850,からい,辛い,Spicy
1409140,からだ,体,Body
1323560,かりる,借りる,to borrow
1252560,かるい,軽い,Light
1039140,カレー,,Curry
1039220,カレンダー,,calendar
1390020,かわ,川,River
1390020,かわ,河,River
1577200,かわいい,,Cute
1213170,かんじ,漢字,Chinese character
1534520,き,木,"tree, wood"
1576760,きいろ,黄色,yellow
1182030,きいろい,黄色い,yellow
1350040,きえる,消える,to disappear
1591110,きく,聞く,"to hear, to listen to, to ask"
1520670,きた,北,North
1042820,ギター,,Guitar
1178940,きたない,汚い,Dirty
1226440,きっさてん,喫茶店,coffee lounge
1385070,きって,切手,postage stamp
1385170,きっぷ,切符,Ticket
1579260,きのう,昨日,Yesterday
1578150,きゅう,九,Nine
1578150,く,九,Nine
1231580,ぎゅうにく,牛肉,Beef
1231590,ぎゅうにゅう,牛乳,Milk
1579110,きょう,今日,Today
1237150,きょうしつ,教室,Classroom
1249960,きょうだい,兄弟,(humble) siblings
1231690,きょねん,去年,last year
1257240,きらい,嫌い,Hate
1384830,きる,切る,to cut
1423000,きる,着る,to put on from the shoulders down
1591900,きれい,,"pretty, clean"
1042610,キロ,,Kilogram
1042620,キログラム,,Kilogram
1042650,キロメートル,,Kilometer
1243490,ぎんこう,銀行,Bank
1243320,きんようび,金曜日,Friday
1538160,くすり,薬,medicine
1184270,ください,,Please
1193060,くだもの,果物,Fruit
1275640,くち,口,"mouth, opening"
1246700,くつ,靴,Shoes
1246740,くつした,靴下,Socks
1592250,くに,国,Country
1592340,くもり,曇り,cloudy weather
1457560,くもる,曇る,"to become cloudy, to become dim"
1154330,くらい,暗い,Gloomy
1044070,クラス,,Class
1046810,グラム,,Gram
1547720,くる,来る,to come
1323080,くるま,車,"car, vehicle"
1287410,くろ,黒,Black
1287420,くろい,黒い,black
1252330,けいかん,警官,policeman
1579100,けさ,今朝,this morning
1350110,けす,消す,"to erase, to turn off power"
1254760,けっこう,結構,"splendid, enough"
1254790,けっこん,結婚,Marriage
1255890,げつようび,月曜日,Monday
1263400,げんかん,玄関,entry hall
1260720,げんき,元気,"health, vitality"
1268060,ご,五,Five
1273270,こうえん,公園,Park
1592970,こうさてん,交差点,intersection
1280770,こうちゃ,紅茶,black tea
1272500,こうばん,交番,police box
1380440,こえ,声,Voice
1049000,コート,,"coat, tennis court"
1049180,コーヒー,,Coffee
1288810,ここ,此処,Here
1268990,ごご,午後,afternoon
1243850,ここのか,九日,"nine days, ninth day"
1243600,ここのつ,九つ,Nine
1269060,ごぜん,午前,morning
1449540,こたえる,答える,to answer
1004500,こちら,,this person or way
1004500,こっち,此方,this person or way
2846389,コップ,,a glass
1579130,ことし,今年,this year
1264540,ことば,言葉,"word, language"
1307850,こども,子供,Child
1582920,この,此の,This
1270590,ごはん,御飯,"cooked rice, meal"
1050590,コピー,,to copy
1289590,こまる,困る,to be worried
2216120,これ,,This
1289100,こんげつ,今月,this month
1289220,こんしゅう,今週,this week
1004880,こんな,,Such
1289470,こんばん,今晩,this evening
1005110,さあ,,well…
1296970,さいふ,財布,Wallet
1578010,さかな,魚,Fish
1387210,さき,先,"the future, previous"
1297210,さく,咲く,to bloom
1297960,さくぶん,作文,"composition, writing"
1291330,さす,差す,"to stretch out hands, to raise an umbrella"
1299400,ざっし,雑誌,Magazine
1291600,さとう,砂糖,Sugar
1210360,さむい,寒い,Cold
1293660,さらいねん,さ来年,year after next
1579350,さん,三,Three
1303620,さんぽ,散歩,to stroll
1579470,し,四,Four
1579470,よん,四,Four
1576630,しお,塩,Salt
1505990,しかし,然し,However
1315920,じかん,時間,Time
1304970,しごと,仕事,Job
1318970,じしょ,辞書,Dictionary
1381820,しずか,静か,Quiet
1184140,した,下,Below
1319210,しち,七,Seven
1319210,なな,七,Seven
1320760,しつもん,質問,Question
1318290,じてんしゃ,自転車,Bicycle
1318400,じどうしゃ,自動車,Automobile
1310730,しぬ,死ぬ,to die
1315140,じびき,字引,Dictionary
1318610,じぶん,自分,Oneself
1436560,しまる,閉まる,"to close, to be closed"
1508590,しめる,閉める,to close something
1436570,しめる,締める,to tie
1005900,じゃ,,well then…
1005900,じゃあ,,well then…
1321900,しゃしん,写真,photograph
1061520,シャツ,,Shirt
1061820,シャワー,,Shower
1579840,じゅう,十,Ten
1579840,とお,十,Ten
1330290,じゅぎょう,授業,"lesson, class work"
1337270,しゅくだい,宿題,homework
1353320,じょうず,上手,Skillful
1580480,じょうぶ,丈夫,"strong, durable"
1595020,しょうゆ,,soy sauce
1358550,しょくどう,食堂,dining hall
1420470,しる,知る,to know
1474900,しろ,白,White
1474910,しろい,白い,White
1362360,しんぶん,新聞,newspaper
1372190,すいようび,水曜日,Wednesday
1228260,すう,吸う,"to smoke, to suck"
1067470,スカート,,Skirt
1277450,すき,好き,Likeable
1348910,すくない,少ない,a few
1430620,すぐに,,Instantly
1348870,すこし,少し,Few
1554370,すずしい,涼しい,Refreshing
1070790,ストーブ,,Heater
1072590,スプーン,,Spoon
1073210,スポーツ,,Sport
1074260,ズボン,,Trousers
1334040,すむ,住む,to live in
1073900,スリッパ,,Slippers
1157170,する,為る,to do
1291800,すわる,座る,to sit
2147990,せ,背,"height, stature"
1379380,せいと,生徒,Pupil
1074270,セーター,,"sweater, jumper"
1382590,せっけん,,soap
1472740,せびろ,背広,business suit
1237680,せまい,狭い,Narrow
2839962,ゼロ,,Zero
1388740,せん,千,Thousand
1387500,せんげつ,先月,last month
1387870,せんしゅう,先週,last week
1387990,せんせい,先生,"teacher, doctor"
1390980,せんたく,洗濯,Washing
1396130,ぜんぶ,全部,All
1399790,そうじ,掃除,"to clean, to sweep"
1612860,そうして,,And
1006730,そして,,And
1006670,そこ,其処,that place
1006780,そちら,,over there
1006780,そっち,,over there
1203250,そと,外,Outside
1006830,その,其の,That
1403830,そば,側,"near, beside"
1245290,そら,空,Sky
2216210,それ,,that
1006980,それから,,after that
1406050,それでは,,in that situation
1413240,だいがく,大学,university
1413890,たいしかん,大使館,embassy
1414150,だいじょうぶ,大丈夫,all right
1413660,だいすき,大好き,to be very likeable
1414340,たいせつ,大切,important
1412640,だいどころ,台所,kitchen
1415000,たいへん,大変,difficult situation
1283190,たかい,高い,"tall, expensive"
1415870,たくさん,,many
1076190,タクシー,,taxi
1338180,だす,出す,to put out
1597040,たつ,立つ,to stand
1335640,たて,縦,"length,height"
1257540,たてもの,建物,building
1207240,たのしい,楽しい,enjoyable
1548370,たのむ,頼む,to ask
1597150,たばこ,,"tobacco,cigarettes"
1407980,たぶん,多分,probably
1358340,たべもの,食べ物,food
1358280,たべる,食べる,to eat
1549140,たまご,卵,egg
1416830,だれ,誰,who
1416840,だれか,誰か,somebody
1419110,たんじょうび,誕生日,birthday
2546180,だんだん,,gradually
1347750,ちいさい,小さい,little
2136180,ちいさな,小さな,little
1242130,ちかい,近い,near
1158880,ちがう,違う,to differ
1242160,ちかく,近く,near
1420900,ちかてつ,地下鉄,underground train
1421290,ちず,地図,map
1422720,ちゃいろ,茶色,brown
1597530,ちゃわん,,rice bowl
1427340,ちょうど,丁度,exactly
1163940,ちょっと,,somewhat
2225040,ついたち,一日,first of month
1305990,つかう,使う,to use
1483740,つかれる,疲れる,to get tired
1316380,つぎ,次,next
1422970,つく,着く,to arrive at
1220210,つくえ,机,desk
1597890,つくる,作る,to make
1495770,つける,付ける,to turn on
1240825,つとめる,勤める,to work for someone
1008190,つまらない,,boring
1556730,つめたい,冷たい,cold to the touch
1236070,つよい,強い,powerful
1327190,て,手,hand
1078750,テープ,,tape
1078630,テーブル,,table
1078810,テープレコーダー,,tape recorder
1598550,でかける,出かける,to go out
1327720,てがみ,手紙,letter
1340450,できる,出来る,to be able to
1338850,でぐち,出口,exit
1079760,テスト,,test
1008450,では,,with that...
1083590,デパート,,department store
1008460,でも,,but
1338240,でる,出る,"to appear,to leave"
1080510,テレビ,,television
1438690,てんき,天気,weather
1443000,でんき,電気,"electricity,electric light"
1443530,でんしゃ,電車,electric train
1443840,でんわ,電話,telephone
1266970,と,戸,Japanese style door
1087820,ドア,,Western style door
1084810,トイレ,,toilet
1008910,どう,如何,"how,in what way"
1466940,どうして,,for what reason
1189130,どうぞ,,please
1451470,どうぶつ,動物,animal
1009000,どうも,,thanks
1177800,とおい,遠い,far
1335000,とおか,十日,"ten days,the tenth day"
1598680,ときどき,時々,sometimes
1316140,とけい,時計,"watch,clock"
1577140,どこ,,where
1343100,ところ,所,place
1468060,とし,年,year
1370420,としょかん,図書館,library
1189360,どちら,,which of two
1189360,どっち,,which
1008630,とても,,very
1189370,どなた,,who
1555830,となり,隣,next door to
1920240,どの,何の,which
1429700,とぶ,飛ぶ,"to fly,to hop"
1310620,とまる,止まる,to come to a halt
1540170,ともだち,友達,friend
1445590,どようび,土曜日,Saturday
1430250,とり,鳥,bird
1253020,とりにく,とり肉,chicken meat
1326980,とる,取る,to take something
1298790,とる,撮る,to take a photo or record a film
1009290,どれ,,which (of three or more)
1089890,ナイフ,,knife
1423310,なか,中,middle
1429750,ながい,長い,long
1532870,なく,鳴く,"animal noise. to chirp, roar or croak etc."
1529530,なくす,無くす,to lose something
1577120,なぜ,,why
1191320,なつ,夏,summer
1191420,なつやすみ,夏休み,summer holiday
1582300,など,,et cetera
1319220,ななつ,七つ,seven
1579630,なのか,七日,"seven days,the seventh day"
1531710,なまえ,名前,name
1333070,ならう,習う,to learn
1508380,ならぶ,並ぶ,"to line up,to stand in a line"
1508390,ならべる,並べる,"to line up,to set up"
1375610,なる,,to become
2846738,なん,何,what
1577100,なに,何,what
1461140,に,二,two
1463480,にぎやか,賑やか,"bustling,busy"
1463520,にく,肉,meat
1380840,にし,西,west
1464900,にちようび,日曜日,Sunday
1195430,にもつ,荷物,luggage
1091500,ニュース,,news
1436130,にわ,庭,garden
1416400,ぬぐ,脱ぐ,to take off clothes
1183300,ぬるい,温い,luke warm
1092820,ネクタイ,,"tie,necktie"
1467640,ねこ,猫,cat
1360010,ねる,寝る,"to go to bed,to sleep"
1093450,ノート,,"notebook,exercise book"
1352570,のぼる,登る,to climb
1600430,のみもの,飲み物,a drink
1169870,のむ,飲む,to drink
1355120,のる,乗る,"to get on,to ride"
1313000,は,歯,tooth
1100760,パーティー,,party
1010080,はい,,yes
1201940,はいざら,灰皿,ashtray
1465590,はいる,入る,"to enter,to contain"
1546590,はがき,葉書,postcard
1607260,はく,履く,"to wear,to put on trousers"
1585650,はこ,箱,box
1237410,はし,橋,bridge
1476410,はし,箸,chopsticks
1307500,はじまる,始まる,to begin
1342540,はじめ,初め,beginning
1342540,はじめ,始め,beginning
1342550,はじめて,初めて,for the first time
1402540,はしる,走る,to run
1098390,バス,,bus
1098620,バター,,butter
1600790,はたち,二十歳,"20 years old,20th year"
1451150,はたらく,働く,to work
1583090,はち,八,eight
1600850,はつか,二十日,"twenty days,twentieth"
1194500,はな,花,flower
1486720,はな,鼻,nose
1600900,はなし,話,"talk,story"
1562350,はなす,話す,to speak
1404975,はやい,早い,early
1404975,はやい,速い,quick
1341000,はる,春,spring
1427900,はる,貼る,to stick
1376460,はれ,晴れ,clear weather
1376470,はれる,晴れる,to be sunny
1478750,はん,半,half
1482110,ばん,晩,evening
1103090,パン,,bread
1096420,ハンカチ,,handkerchief
1482290,ばんごう,番号,number
1601340,ばんごはん,晩御飯,evening meal
1479890,はんぶん,半分,half minute
1447440,ひがし,東,east
1169250,ひく,引く,to pull
1419370,ひく,弾く,"to play an instrument with strings, including piano"
1434180,ひくい,低い,"short,low"
1485470,ひこうき,飛行機,aeroplane
1290800,ひだり,左,left hand side
1580640,ひと,人,person
1160820,ひとつ,一つ,one
1162130,ひとつき,一月,one month
1576150,ひとり,一人,one person
1577280,ひま,暇,free time
1488000,ひゃく,百,hundred
1490220,びょういん,病院,hospital
1490230,びょうき,病気,illness
1426250,ひる,昼,"noon, daytime"
1602340,ひるごはん,昼御飯,midday meal
1278410,ひろい,広い,"spacious,wide"
1109380,フィルム,,roll of film
1499690,ふうとう,封筒,envelope
1115150,プール,,swimming pool
1110110,フォーク,,fork
1370760,ふく,吹く,to blow
1500940,ふく,服,clothes
1461160,ふたつ,二つ,two
1457440,ぶたにく,豚肉,pork
1582670,ふたり,二人,two people
1462900,ふつか,二日,"two days, second day of the month"
1408180,ふとい,太い,fat
1446070,ふゆ,冬,winter
1282790,ふる,降る,"to fall, e.g. rain or snow"
1265070,ふるい,古い,old (not used for people)
1500100,ふろ,風呂,bath
1505470,ぶんしょう,文章,"sentence,text"
1120410,ページ,,page
1185200,へた,下手,unskillful
1119650,ベッド,,bed
1120990,ペット,,pet
1499320,へや,部屋,room
1512070,へん,辺,area
1121380,ペン,,pen
1512670,べんきょう,勉強,to study
1512610,べんり,便利,"useful, convenient"
1519170,ぼうし,帽子,hat
1123590,ボールペン,,ball-point pen
1203260,ほか,,"other, the rest"
1124970,ポケット,,pocket
1547330,ほしい,欲しい,want
1125150,ポスト,,post
1295510,ほそい,細い,thin
1182880,ボタン,,button
1122650,ホテル,,hotel
1522150,ほん,本,book
1522980,ほんだな,本棚,bookshelves
1523060,ほんとう,本当,truth
1524700,まいあさ,毎朝,every morning
1584350,まいげつ,毎月,every month
1584350,まいつき,毎月,every month
1524690,まいしゅう,毎週,every week
1524720,まいにち,毎日,every day
1584360,まいねん,毎年,every year
1584360,まいとし,毎年,every year
1524730,まいばん,毎晩,every night
1392580,まえ,前,before
1239730,まがる,曲る,"to turn,to bend"
1495000,まずい,不味い,unpleasant
1524930,また,又,"again,and"
1527110,まだ,,"yet,still"
1603990,まち,町,"town,city"
1410590,まつ,待つ,to wait
1580600,まっすぐ,,"straight ahead,direct"
2784220,マッチ,,match
1401400,まど,窓,window
1604230,まるい,丸い,"round,circular"
1604230,まるい,円い,"round,circular"
1584460,まん,万,ten thousand
1526360,まんねんひつ,万年筆,fountain pen
1523940,みがく,磨く,"to brush teeth, to polish"
1171010,みぎ,右,right side
1418620,みじかい,短い,short
1371260,みず,水,water
1582120,みせ,店,shop
1259210,みせる,見せる,to show
1454080,みち,道,street
1301330,みっか,三日,"three days, third day of the month"
1299740,みっつ,三つ,three
1555300,みどり,緑,green
1202170,みなさん,皆さん,everyone
1459870,みなみ,南,south
1317170,みみ,耳,ear
1259290,みる,見る,"to see, to watch"
1259290,みる,観る,"to see, to watch"
1202150,みんな,,everyone
1561470,むいか,六日,"six days, sixth day of the month"
1277140,むこう,向こう,over there
1460850,むずかしい,難しい,difficult
1585315,むっつ,六つ,six
1406820,むら,村,village
1604890,め,目,eye
1132570,メートル,,metre
1577670,めがね,眼鏡,glasses
1012480,もう,,already
2005860,もういちど,もう一度,again
1534890,もくようび,木曜日,Thursday
1315720,もつ,持つ,to hold
1012620,もっと,,more
1502390,もの,物,thing
1584800,もん,門,gate
1536010,もんだい,問題,problem
1476960,やおや,八百屋,greengrocer
1537370,やさい,野菜,vegetable
1157000,やさしい,易しい,"easy, simple"
1153670,やすい,安い,cheap
1227500,やすみ,休み,"rest,holiday"
1227560,やすむ,休む,to rest
1583095,やっつ,八つ,eight
1302680,やま,山,mountain
1012980,やる,遣る,to do
1542790,ゆうがた,夕方,evening
1584910,ゆうはん,夕飯,dinner
1542430,ゆうびんきょく,郵便局,post office
1542640,ゆうべ,昨夜,last night
1541620,ゆうめい,有名,famous
1386500,ゆき,雪,snow
1578850,ゆく,行く,to go
1013050,ゆっくり,,slowly
1476920,ようか,八日,"eight days, eighth day of the month"
1546020,ようふく,洋服,western-style clothes
1605870,よく,良く,"often, well"
1180570,よこ,横,"beside,side,width"
1307320,よっか,四日,"four days, fouth day of the month"
1307040,よっつ,四つ,four
1266440,よぶ,呼ぶ,"to call out,to invite"
1456360,よむ,読む,to read
1536350,よる,夜,"evening,night"
1324520,よわい,弱い,weak
1547900,らいげつ,来月,next month
1548010,らいしゅう,来週,next week
1548220,らいねん,来年,next year
1138860,ラジオ,,radio
1138960,ラジカセ,,radio cassette player
1138900,ラジオカセット,,radio cassette player
1551790,りっぱ,立派,splendid
1552750,りゅうがくせい,留学生,overseas student
1602710,りょうしん,両親,both parents
1554310,りょうり,料理,cuisine
1553170,りょこう,旅行,travel
1557630,れい,零,zero
1557110,れいぞうこ,冷蔵庫,refrigerator
1144940,レコード,,record
1145310,レストラン,,restaurant
1559160,れんしゅう,練習,to practice
1560670,ろうか,廊下,corridor
1585310,ろく,六,six
1148640,ワイシャツ,,business shirt
1324300,わかい,若い,young
1606560,わかる,分かる,to be understood
1519210,わすれる,忘れる,to forget
2842390,わたくし,私,"(humble) I,myself"
1311110,わたし,私,"I,myself"
1444610,わたす,渡す,to hand over
1444680,わたる,渡る,to go across
1151260,わるい,悪い,bad
1013190,より,,Used for comparison.
1516930,ほう,方,Used for comparison.
1 jmdict_seq kana kanji waller_definition
2 1198180 あう 会う to meet
3 1381380 あお 青 blue
4 1381390 あおい 青い blue
5 2013900 あか 赤 red
6 1383240 あかい 赤い red
7 1532350 あかるい 明い bright
8 1332650 あき 秋 autumn
9 1586270 あく 開く to open, to become open
10 1202450 あける 開ける to open
11 1352320 あげる 上げる to give
12 1428280 あさ 朝 morning
13 1586330 あさごはん 朝御飯 breakfast
14 1584640 あさって day after tomorrow
15 1404630 あし 足 foot, leg
16 1584660 あした 明日 tomorrow
17 1000320 あそこ over there
18 1542160 あそぶ 遊ぶ to play, to make a visit
19 1586420 あたたかい 暖かい warm
20 1582310 あたま 頭 head
21 1361490 あたらしい 新しい new
22 1483185 あちら there
23 1343460 あつい 暑い hot
24 1467720 あつい 熱い hot to the touch
25 1275320 あつい 厚い kind, deep, thick
26 1483185 あっち over there
27 1269320 あと 後 afterwards
28 1223615 あなた 貴方 you
29 1249900 あに 兄 (humble) older brother
30 1307630 あね 姉 (humble) older sister
31 1000430 あの um...
32 1017760 アパート apartment
33 1547450 あびる to bathe, to shower
34 1218380 あぶない 危ない dangerous
35 1213400 あまい 甘い sweet
36 1584930 あまり not very
37 1171900 あめ 雨 rain
38 1153520 あめ 飴 candy
39 1390930 あらう 洗う to wash
40 1296400 ある 有る to be,to have (used for inanimate objects)
41 1514320 あるく 歩く to walk
42 2847612 あれ that
43 2820690 いい good
44 1605820 よい 良い good
45 1583250 いいえ no
46 1587040 いう 言う to say
47 1191730 いえ 家 house
48 2845606 いかが how
49 1578850 いく 行く to go
50 1219960 いくつ how many?,how old?
51 1219980 いくら how much?
52 1421700 いけ 池 pond
53 1159980 いしゃ 医者 medical doctor
54 1157070 いす chair
55 1519290 いそがしい 忙しい busy, irritated
56 1432680 いたい 痛い painful
57 1160790 いち 一 one
58 1576260 いちにち 一日 first of the month
59 1165970 いちばん best, first
60 1188760 いつ 何時 when
61 1268570 いつか 五日 five days, fifth day
62 1163400 いっしょ 一緒 together
63 1268070 いつつ 五つ five
64 1188890 いつも always
65 1258330 いぬ 犬 dog
66 1288850 いま 今 now
67 1156800 いみ 意味 meaning
68 1524590 いもうと 妹 (humble) younger sister
69 1587610 いや 嫌 unpleasant
70 1582820 いりぐち 入口 entrance
71 1577980 いる 居る to be, to have (used for people and animals)
72 1546640 いる 要る to need
73 1465610 いれる 入れる to put in
74 1357600 いろ 色 colour
75 1587850 いろいろ various
76 1352130 うえ 上 on top of
77 1269410 うしろ 後ろ behind
78 1475480 うすい 薄い thin,weak
79 1193180 うた 歌 song
80 1588120 うたう 歌う to sing
81 1378690 うまれる 生まれる to be born
82 1201190 うみ 海 sea
83 1473950 うる 売る to sell
84 1481920 うるさい 煩い noisy, annoying
85 1580340 うわぎ 上着 jacket
86 1202270 え 絵 picture
87 1173720 えいが 映画 movie
88 1173750 えいがかん 映画館 cinema
89 1174420 えいご 英語 English language
90 1001140 ええ yes
91 1175140 えき 駅 station
92 1030630 エレベーター elevator
93 1178590 えんぴつ 鉛筆 pencil
94 1486650 おいしい delicious
95 1407460 おおい 多い many
96 1588880 おおきい 大きい big
97 1412890 おおきな 大きな big
98 1414220 おおぜい 大勢 great number of people
99 1002650 おかあさん お母さん (honorable) mother
100 1001710 おかし お菓子 sweets, candy
101 1001820 おかね お金 money
102 1223640 おきる 起きる to get up
103 1421850 おく 置く to put
104 1179330 おくさん 奥さん (honorable) wife
105 1329015 おさけ お酒 alcohol, rice wine
106 1299685 おさら お皿 plate, dish
107 1002320 おじいさん grandfather, male senior citizen
108 1236900 おしえる 教える to teach, to tell
109 2261490 おじさん uncle, middle aged gentleman
110 1180470 おす 押す to push, to stamp something
111 1421970 おそい 遅い late, slow
112 1002430 おちゃ お茶 green tea
113 1002100 おてあらい お手洗い bathroom
114 1002590 おとうさん お父さん (honorable) father
115 1581930 おとうと 弟 younger brother
116 1419990 おとこ 男 Man
117 1420010 おとこのこ 男の子 Boy
118 1576050 おととい 一昨日 day before yesterday
119 1576060 おととし 一昨年 year before last
120 1414170 おとな 大人 Adult
121 1002610 おなか stomach
122 1451750 おなじ 同じ same
123 1001830 おにいさん お兄さん (honorable) older brother
124 1001990 おねえさん お姉さん (honorable) older sister
125 1002330 おばあさん grandmother, female senior-citizen
126 2261500 おばさん 伯母さん Aunt
127 2220600 おふろ お風呂 Bath
128 1513065 おべんとう お弁当 boxed lunch
129 1206050 おぼえる 覚える to remember
130 1002120 おまわりさん friendly term for policeman
131 1335750 おもい 重い Heavy
132 1533580 おもしろい Interesting
133 1174340 およぐ 泳ぐ to swim
134 1589500 おりる 降りる to get off, to descend
135 1589600 おわる 終る to finish
136 1183720 おんがく 音楽 Music
137 1344930 おんな 女 Woman
138 1344970 おんなのこ 女の子 Girl
139 1203620 がいこく 外国 foreign country
140 1203650 がいこくじん 外国人 Foreigner
141 1198550 かいしゃ 会社 Company
142 1203090 かいだん 階段 Stairs
143 1589730 かいもの 買い物 Shopping
144 1473740 かう 買う to buy
145 1512130 かえす 返す to return something
146 1221270 かえる 帰る to go back
147 1207590 かかる 掛かる to take time or money
148 1260490 かぎ 鍵 Key
149 1343950 かく 書く to write
150 1206900 がくせい 学生 Student
151 1207610 かける 掛ける to call by phone
152 1301940 かさ 傘 Umbrella
153 1411160 かす 貸す to lend
154 1499720 かぜ 風 Wind
155 1583720 かぜ 風邪 a cold
156 1192150 かぞく 家族 Family
157 1516925 かた 方 person, way of doing
158 1206730 がっこう 学校 School
159 1037670 カップ Cup
160 1192280 かてい 家庭 Household
161 1206110 かど 角 a corner
162 1208910 かばん 鞄 bag, basket
163 1194870 かびん 花瓶 a vase
164 1311530 かみ 紙 paper
165 1038350 カメラ camera
166 1194290 かようび 火曜日 Tuesday
167 1365850 からい 辛い Spicy
168 1409140 からだ 体 Body
169 1323560 かりる 借りる to borrow
170 1252560 かるい 軽い Light
171 1039140 カレー Curry
172 1039220 カレンダー calendar
173 1390020 かわ 川 River
174 1390020 かわ 河 River
175 1577200 かわいい Cute
176 1213170 かんじ 漢字 Chinese character
177 1534520 き 木 tree, wood
178 1576760 きいろ 黄色 yellow
179 1182030 きいろい 黄色い yellow
180 1350040 きえる 消える to disappear
181 1591110 きく 聞く to hear, to listen to, to ask
182 1520670 きた 北 North
183 1042820 ギター Guitar
184 1178940 きたない 汚い Dirty
185 1226440 きっさてん 喫茶店 coffee lounge
186 1385070 きって 切手 postage stamp
187 1385170 きっぷ 切符 Ticket
188 1579260 きのう 昨日 Yesterday
189 1578150 きゅう 九 Nine
190 1578150 く 九 Nine
191 1231580 ぎゅうにく 牛肉 Beef
192 1231590 ぎゅうにゅう 牛乳 Milk
193 1579110 きょう 今日 Today
194 1237150 きょうしつ 教室 Classroom
195 1249960 きょうだい 兄弟 (humble) siblings
196 1231690 きょねん 去年 last year
197 1257240 きらい 嫌い Hate
198 1384830 きる 切る to cut
199 1423000 きる 着る to put on from the shoulders down
200 1591900 きれい pretty, clean
201 1042610 キロ Kilogram
202 1042620 キログラム Kilogram
203 1042650 キロメートル Kilometer
204 1243490 ぎんこう 銀行 Bank
205 1243320 きんようび 金曜日 Friday
206 1538160 くすり 薬 medicine
207 1184270 ください Please
208 1193060 くだもの 果物 Fruit
209 1275640 くち 口 mouth, opening
210 1246700 くつ 靴 Shoes
211 1246740 くつした 靴下 Socks
212 1592250 くに 国 Country
213 1592340 くもり 曇り cloudy weather
214 1457560 くもる 曇る to become cloudy, to become dim
215 1154330 くらい 暗い Gloomy
216 1044070 クラス Class
217 1046810 グラム Gram
218 1547720 くる 来る to come
219 1323080 くるま 車 car, vehicle
220 1287410 くろ 黒 Black
221 1287420 くろい 黒い black
222 1252330 けいかん 警官 policeman
223 1579100 けさ 今朝 this morning
224 1350110 けす 消す to erase, to turn off power
225 1254760 けっこう 結構 splendid, enough
226 1254790 けっこん 結婚 Marriage
227 1255890 げつようび 月曜日 Monday
228 1263400 げんかん 玄関 entry hall
229 1260720 げんき 元気 health, vitality
230 1268060 ご 五 Five
231 1273270 こうえん 公園 Park
232 1592970 こうさてん 交差点 intersection
233 1280770 こうちゃ 紅茶 black tea
234 1272500 こうばん 交番 police box
235 1380440 こえ 声 Voice
236 1049000 コート coat, tennis court
237 1049180 コーヒー Coffee
238 1288810 ここ 此処 Here
239 1268990 ごご 午後 afternoon
240 1243850 ここのか 九日 nine days, ninth day
241 1243600 ここのつ 九つ Nine
242 1269060 ごぜん 午前 morning
243 1449540 こたえる 答える to answer
244 1004500 こちら this person or way
245 1004500 こっち 此方 this person or way
246 2846389 コップ a glass
247 1579130 ことし 今年 this year
248 1264540 ことば 言葉 word, language
249 1307850 こども 子供 Child
250 1582920 この 此の This
251 1270590 ごはん 御飯 cooked rice, meal
252 1050590 コピー to copy
253 1289590 こまる 困る to be worried
254 2216120 これ This
255 1289100 こんげつ 今月 this month
256 1289220 こんしゅう 今週 this week
257 1004880 こんな Such
258 1289470 こんばん 今晩 this evening
259 1005110 さあ well…
260 1296970 さいふ 財布 Wallet
261 1578010 さかな 魚 Fish
262 1387210 さき 先 the future, previous
263 1297210 さく 咲く to bloom
264 1297960 さくぶん 作文 composition, writing
265 1291330 さす 差す to stretch out hands, to raise an umbrella
266 1299400 ざっし 雑誌 Magazine
267 1291600 さとう 砂糖 Sugar
268 1210360 さむい 寒い Cold
269 1293660 さらいねん さ来年 year after next
270 1579350 さん 三 Three
271 1303620 さんぽ 散歩 to stroll
272 1579470 し 四 Four
273 1579470 よん 四 Four
274 1576630 しお 塩 Salt
275 1505990 しかし 然し However
276 1315920 じかん 時間 Time
277 1304970 しごと 仕事 Job
278 1318970 じしょ 辞書 Dictionary
279 1381820 しずか 静か Quiet
280 1184140 した 下 Below
281 1319210 しち 七 Seven
282 1319210 なな 七 Seven
283 1320760 しつもん 質問 Question
284 1318290 じてんしゃ 自転車 Bicycle
285 1318400 じどうしゃ 自動車 Automobile
286 1310730 しぬ 死ぬ to die
287 1315140 じびき 字引 Dictionary
288 1318610 じぶん 自分 Oneself
289 1436560 しまる 閉まる to close, to be closed
290 1508590 しめる 閉める to close something
291 1436570 しめる 締める to tie
292 1005900 じゃ well then…
293 1005900 じゃあ well then…
294 1321900 しゃしん 写真 photograph
295 1061520 シャツ Shirt
296 1061820 シャワー Shower
297 1579840 じゅう 十 Ten
298 1579840 とお 十 Ten
299 1330290 じゅぎょう 授業 lesson, class work
300 1337270 しゅくだい 宿題 homework
301 1353320 じょうず 上手 Skillful
302 1580480 じょうぶ 丈夫 strong, durable
303 1595020 しょうゆ soy sauce
304 1358550 しょくどう 食堂 dining hall
305 1420470 しる 知る to know
306 1474900 しろ 白 White
307 1474910 しろい 白い White
308 1362360 しんぶん 新聞 newspaper
309 1372190 すいようび 水曜日 Wednesday
310 1228260 すう 吸う to smoke, to suck
311 1067470 スカート Skirt
312 1277450 すき 好き Likeable
313 1348910 すくない 少ない a few
314 1430620 すぐに Instantly
315 1348870 すこし 少し Few
316 1554370 すずしい 涼しい Refreshing
317 1070790 ストーブ Heater
318 1072590 スプーン Spoon
319 1073210 スポーツ Sport
320 1074260 ズボン Trousers
321 1334040 すむ 住む to live in
322 1073900 スリッパ Slippers
323 1157170 する 為る to do
324 1291800 すわる 座る to sit
325 2147990 せ 背 height, stature
326 1379380 せいと 生徒 Pupil
327 1074270 セーター sweater, jumper
328 1382590 せっけん soap
329 1472740 せびろ 背広 business suit
330 1237680 せまい 狭い Narrow
331 2839962 ゼロ Zero
332 1388740 せん 千 Thousand
333 1387500 せんげつ 先月 last month
334 1387870 せんしゅう 先週 last week
335 1387990 せんせい 先生 teacher, doctor
336 1390980 せんたく 洗濯 Washing
337 1396130 ぜんぶ 全部 All
338 1399790 そうじ 掃除 to clean, to sweep
339 1612860 そうして And
340 1006730 そして And
341 1006670 そこ 其処 that place
342 1006780 そちら over there
343 1006780 そっち over there
344 1203250 そと 外 Outside
345 1006830 その 其の That
346 1403830 そば 側 near, beside
347 1245290 そら 空 Sky
348 2216210 それ that
349 1006980 それから after that
350 1406050 それでは in that situation
351 1413240 だいがく 大学 university
352 1413890 たいしかん 大使館 embassy
353 1414150 だいじょうぶ 大丈夫 all right
354 1413660 だいすき 大好き to be very likeable
355 1414340 たいせつ 大切 important
356 1412640 だいどころ 台所 kitchen
357 1415000 たいへん 大変 difficult situation
358 1283190 たかい 高い tall, expensive
359 1415870 たくさん many
360 1076190 タクシー taxi
361 1338180 だす 出す to put out
362 1597040 たつ 立つ to stand
363 1335640 たて 縦 length,height
364 1257540 たてもの 建物 building
365 1207240 たのしい 楽しい enjoyable
366 1548370 たのむ 頼む to ask
367 1597150 たばこ tobacco,cigarettes
368 1407980 たぶん 多分 probably
369 1358340 たべもの 食べ物 food
370 1358280 たべる 食べる to eat
371 1549140 たまご 卵 egg
372 1416830 だれ 誰 who
373 1416840 だれか 誰か somebody
374 1419110 たんじょうび 誕生日 birthday
375 2546180 だんだん gradually
376 1347750 ちいさい 小さい little
377 2136180 ちいさな 小さな little
378 1242130 ちかい 近い near
379 1158880 ちがう 違う to differ
380 1242160 ちかく 近く near
381 1420900 ちかてつ 地下鉄 underground train
382 1421290 ちず 地図 map
383 1422720 ちゃいろ 茶色 brown
384 1597530 ちゃわん rice bowl
385 1427340 ちょうど 丁度 exactly
386 1163940 ちょっと somewhat
387 2225040 ついたち 一日 first of month
388 1305990 つかう 使う to use
389 1483740 つかれる 疲れる to get tired
390 1316380 つぎ 次 next
391 1422970 つく 着く to arrive at
392 1220210 つくえ 机 desk
393 1597890 つくる 作る to make
394 1495770 つける 付ける to turn on
395 1240825 つとめる 勤める to work for someone
396 1008190 つまらない boring
397 1556730 つめたい 冷たい cold to the touch
398 1236070 つよい 強い powerful
399 1327190 て 手 hand
400 1078750 テープ tape
401 1078630 テーブル table
402 1078810 テープレコーダー tape recorder
403 1598550 でかける 出かける to go out
404 1327720 てがみ 手紙 letter
405 1340450 できる 出来る to be able to
406 1338850 でぐち 出口 exit
407 1079760 テスト test
408 1008450 では with that...
409 1083590 デパート department store
410 1008460 でも but
411 1338240 でる 出る to appear,to leave
412 1080510 テレビ television
413 1438690 てんき 天気 weather
414 1443000 でんき 電気 electricity,electric light
415 1443530 でんしゃ 電車 electric train
416 1443840 でんわ 電話 telephone
417 1266970 と 戸 Japanese style door
418 1087820 ドア Western style door
419 1084810 トイレ toilet
420 1008910 どう 如何 how,in what way
421 1466940 どうして for what reason
422 1189130 どうぞ please
423 1451470 どうぶつ 動物 animal
424 1009000 どうも thanks
425 1177800 とおい 遠い far
426 1335000 とおか 十日 ten days,the tenth day
427 1598680 ときどき 時々 sometimes
428 1316140 とけい 時計 watch,clock
429 1577140 どこ where
430 1343100 ところ 所 place
431 1468060 とし 年 year
432 1370420 としょかん 図書館 library
433 1189360 どちら which of two
434 1189360 どっち which
435 1008630 とても very
436 1189370 どなた who
437 1555830 となり 隣 next door to
438 1920240 どの 何の which
439 1429700 とぶ 飛ぶ to fly,to hop
440 1310620 とまる 止まる to come to a halt
441 1540170 ともだち 友達 friend
442 1445590 どようび 土曜日 Saturday
443 1430250 とり 鳥 bird
444 1253020 とりにく とり肉 chicken meat
445 1326980 とる 取る to take something
446 1298790 とる 撮る to take a photo or record a film
447 1009290 どれ which (of three or more)
448 1089890 ナイフ knife
449 1423310 なか 中 middle
450 1429750 ながい 長い long
451 1532870 なく 鳴く animal noise. to chirp, roar or croak etc.
452 1529530 なくす 無くす to lose something
453 1577120 なぜ why
454 1191320 なつ 夏 summer
455 1191420 なつやすみ 夏休み summer holiday
456 1582300 など et cetera
457 1319220 ななつ 七つ seven
458 1579630 なのか 七日 seven days,the seventh day
459 1531710 なまえ 名前 name
460 1333070 ならう 習う to learn
461 1508380 ならぶ 並ぶ to line up,to stand in a line
462 1508390 ならべる 並べる to line up,to set up
463 1375610 なる to become
464 2846738 なん 何 what
465 1577100 なに 何 what
466 1461140 に 二 two
467 1463480 にぎやか 賑やか bustling,busy
468 1463520 にく 肉 meat
469 1380840 にし 西 west
470 1464900 にちようび 日曜日 Sunday
471 1195430 にもつ 荷物 luggage
472 1091500 ニュース news
473 1436130 にわ 庭 garden
474 1416400 ぬぐ 脱ぐ to take off clothes
475 1183300 ぬるい 温い luke warm
476 1092820 ネクタイ tie,necktie
477 1467640 ねこ 猫 cat
478 1360010 ねる 寝る to go to bed,to sleep
479 1093450 ノート notebook,exercise book
480 1352570 のぼる 登る to climb
481 1600430 のみもの 飲み物 a drink
482 1169870 のむ 飲む to drink
483 1355120 のる 乗る to get on,to ride
484 1313000 は 歯 tooth
485 1100760 パーティー party
486 1010080 はい yes
487 1201940 はいざら 灰皿 ashtray
488 1465590 はいる 入る to enter,to contain
489 1546590 はがき 葉書 postcard
490 1607260 はく 履く to wear,to put on trousers
491 1585650 はこ 箱 box
492 1237410 はし 橋 bridge
493 1476410 はし 箸 chopsticks
494 1307500 はじまる 始まる to begin
495 1342540 はじめ 初め beginning
496 1342540 はじめ 始め beginning
497 1342550 はじめて 初めて for the first time
498 1402540 はしる 走る to run
499 1098390 バス bus
500 1098620 バター butter
501 1600790 はたち 二十歳 20 years old,20th year
502 1451150 はたらく 働く to work
503 1583090 はち 八 eight
504 1600850 はつか 二十日 twenty days,twentieth
505 1194500 はな 花 flower
506 1486720 はな 鼻 nose
507 1600900 はなし 話 talk,story
508 1562350 はなす 話す to speak
509 1404975 はやい 早い early
510 1404975 はやい 速い quick
511 1341000 はる 春 spring
512 1427900 はる 貼る to stick
513 1376460 はれ 晴れ clear weather
514 1376470 はれる 晴れる to be sunny
515 1478750 はん 半 half
516 1482110 ばん 晩 evening
517 1103090 パン bread
518 1096420 ハンカチ handkerchief
519 1482290 ばんごう 番号 number
520 1601340 ばんごはん 晩御飯 evening meal
521 1479890 はんぶん 半分 half minute
522 1447440 ひがし 東 east
523 1169250 ひく 引く to pull
524 1419370 ひく 弾く to play an instrument with strings, including piano
525 1434180 ひくい 低い short,low
526 1485470 ひこうき 飛行機 aeroplane
527 1290800 ひだり 左 left hand side
528 1580640 ひと 人 person
529 1160820 ひとつ 一つ one
530 1162130 ひとつき 一月 one month
531 1576150 ひとり 一人 one person
532 1577280 ひま 暇 free time
533 1488000 ひゃく 百 hundred
534 1490220 びょういん 病院 hospital
535 1490230 びょうき 病気 illness
536 1426250 ひる 昼 noon, daytime
537 1602340 ひるごはん 昼御飯 midday meal
538 1278410 ひろい 広い spacious,wide
539 1109380 フィルム roll of film
540 1499690 ふうとう 封筒 envelope
541 1115150 プール swimming pool
542 1110110 フォーク fork
543 1370760 ふく 吹く to blow
544 1500940 ふく 服 clothes
545 1461160 ふたつ 二つ two
546 1457440 ぶたにく 豚肉 pork
547 1582670 ふたり 二人 two people
548 1462900 ふつか 二日 two days, second day of the month
549 1408180 ふとい 太い fat
550 1446070 ふゆ 冬 winter
551 1282790 ふる 降る to fall, e.g. rain or snow
552 1265070 ふるい 古い old (not used for people)
553 1500100 ふろ 風呂 bath
554 1505470 ぶんしょう 文章 sentence,text
555 1120410 ページ page
556 1185200 へた 下手 unskillful
557 1119650 ベッド bed
558 1120990 ペット pet
559 1499320 へや 部屋 room
560 1512070 へん 辺 area
561 1121380 ペン pen
562 1512670 べんきょう 勉強 to study
563 1512610 べんり 便利 useful, convenient
564 1519170 ぼうし 帽子 hat
565 1123590 ボールペン ball-point pen
566 1203260 ほか other, the rest
567 1124970 ポケット pocket
568 1547330 ほしい 欲しい want
569 1125150 ポスト post
570 1295510 ほそい 細い thin
571 1182880 ボタン button
572 1122650 ホテル hotel
573 1522150 ほん 本 book
574 1522980 ほんだな 本棚 bookshelves
575 1523060 ほんとう 本当 truth
576 1524700 まいあさ 毎朝 every morning
577 1584350 まいげつ 毎月 every month
578 1584350 まいつき 毎月 every month
579 1524690 まいしゅう 毎週 every week
580 1524720 まいにち 毎日 every day
581 1584360 まいねん 毎年 every year
582 1584360 まいとし 毎年 every year
583 1524730 まいばん 毎晩 every night
584 1392580 まえ 前 before
585 1239730 まがる 曲る to turn,to bend
586 1495000 まずい 不味い unpleasant
587 1524930 また 又 again,and
588 1527110 まだ yet,still
589 1603990 まち 町 town,city
590 1410590 まつ 待つ to wait
591 1580600 まっすぐ straight ahead,direct
592 2784220 マッチ match
593 1401400 まど 窓 window
594 1604230 まるい 丸い round,circular
595 1604230 まるい 円い round,circular
596 1584460 まん 万 ten thousand
597 1526360 まんねんひつ 万年筆 fountain pen
598 1523940 みがく 磨く to brush teeth, to polish
599 1171010 みぎ 右 right side
600 1418620 みじかい 短い short
601 1371260 みず 水 water
602 1582120 みせ 店 shop
603 1259210 みせる 見せる to show
604 1454080 みち 道 street
605 1301330 みっか 三日 three days, third day of the month
606 1299740 みっつ 三つ three
607 1555300 みどり 緑 green
608 1202170 みなさん 皆さん everyone
609 1459870 みなみ 南 south
610 1317170 みみ 耳 ear
611 1259290 みる 見る to see, to watch
612 1259290 みる 観る to see, to watch
613 1202150 みんな everyone
614 1561470 むいか 六日 six days, sixth day of the month
615 1277140 むこう 向こう over there
616 1460850 むずかしい 難しい difficult
617 1585315 むっつ 六つ six
618 1406820 むら 村 village
619 1604890 め 目 eye
620 1132570 メートル metre
621 1577670 めがね 眼鏡 glasses
622 1012480 もう already
623 2005860 もういちど もう一度 again
624 1534890 もくようび 木曜日 Thursday
625 1315720 もつ 持つ to hold
626 1012620 もっと more
627 1502390 もの 物 thing
628 1584800 もん 門 gate
629 1536010 もんだい 問題 problem
630 1476960 やおや 八百屋 greengrocer
631 1537370 やさい 野菜 vegetable
632 1157000 やさしい 易しい easy, simple
633 1153670 やすい 安い cheap
634 1227500 やすみ 休み rest,holiday
635 1227560 やすむ 休む to rest
636 1583095 やっつ 八つ eight
637 1302680 やま 山 mountain
638 1012980 やる 遣る to do
639 1542790 ゆうがた 夕方 evening
640 1584910 ゆうはん 夕飯 dinner
641 1542430 ゆうびんきょく 郵便局 post office
642 1542640 ゆうべ 昨夜 last night
643 1541620 ゆうめい 有名 famous
644 1386500 ゆき 雪 snow
645 1578850 ゆく 行く to go
646 1013050 ゆっくり slowly
647 1476920 ようか 八日 eight days, eighth day of the month
648 1546020 ようふく 洋服 western-style clothes
649 1605870 よく 良く often, well
650 1180570 よこ 横 beside,side,width
651 1307320 よっか 四日 four days, fouth day of the month
652 1307040 よっつ 四つ four
653 1266440 よぶ 呼ぶ to call out,to invite
654 1456360 よむ 読む to read
655 1536350 よる 夜 evening,night
656 1324520 よわい 弱い weak
657 1547900 らいげつ 来月 next month
658 1548010 らいしゅう 来週 next week
659 1548220 らいねん 来年 next year
660 1138860 ラジオ radio
661 1138960 ラジカセ radio cassette player
662 1138900 ラジオカセット radio cassette player
663 1551790 りっぱ 立派 splendid
664 1552750 りゅうがくせい 留学生 overseas student
665 1602710 りょうしん 両親 both parents
666 1554310 りょうり 料理 cuisine
667 1553170 りょこう 旅行 travel
668 1557630 れい 零 zero
669 1557110 れいぞうこ 冷蔵庫 refrigerator
670 1144940 レコード record
671 1145310 レストラン restaurant
672 1559160 れんしゅう 練習 to practice
673 1560670 ろうか 廊下 corridor
674 1585310 ろく 六 six
675 1148640 ワイシャツ business shirt
676 1324300 わかい 若い young
677 1606560 わかる 分かる to be understood
678 1519210 わすれる 忘れる to forget
679 2842390 わたくし 私 (humble) I,myself
680 1311110 わたし 私 I,myself
681 1444610 わたす 渡す to hand over
682 1444680 わたる 渡る to go across
683 1151260 わるい 悪い bad
684 1013190 より Used for comparison.
685 1516930 ほう 方 Used for comparison.

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